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Free CT 1: Prehistoric History of Madhya Pradesh 10 Questions 10 Marks 7 Mins Latest MP Vyapam Sub Engineer Updates Last updated on Sep 16, 2022 MP Vyapam Sub Engineer Prelims Answer Key has been released on 22nd November 2022. The objections can be raised in the answer key till 24th November 2022. The exam was held from 6th November 2022. Check out and attempt the MP Vyapam Sub Engineer Previous Year Papers for the enhancement of your score. The candidates must also note that this MP Vyapam Sub Engineer recruitment is ongoing for a total of 2557 vacancies and the candidates who will clear the written exam will have to then appear for the document verification. Introduction to computers An electronic device that accepts data as input, and transforms it under the influence of a set of special instructions called Programs, to produce the desired output (referred to as Information). Explanations; A computer has an internal memory, which stores data & instructions temporarily awaiting processing, and even holds the intermediate result (information) before it is communicated to the recipients through the Output devices. It works on the data using the instructions issued, means that, the computer cannot do any useful job on its own. It can only work as per the set of instructions issued. A computer will accept data in one form and produce it in another form. The data is normally held within the computer as it is being processed. Program: A set of related instructions which specify how the data is to be processed. Data: Is a collection of raw facts, figures or instructions that do not have much meaning to the user. Data may be in form of numbers, alphabets/letters or symbols, and can be processed to produce information. TYPES OF DATA. a). Digital (discrete) data: b). Analogue (continuous) data: Processing refers to the way the data is manipulated (or handled) to turn it into information. Information: is the data which has been refined, summarized & manipulated in the way you want it, or into a more meaningful form for decision-making. The information must be accurate, timely, complete and relevant. Characteristics / Features of a Computer. Before 20th century, most information was processed manually or by use of simple machines. Today, millions of people are using computers in offices and at home to produce and store all types of information The following are some of the attributes that make computers widely accepted & used in the day-to-day activities in our society: 1. Speed. The speed of a computer is usually linked to the technology used to build it. a). 1st Generation computers (1940s & early 1950s). • The computers were built using Vacuum tubes, and the speed was measured in Milliseconds. E.g., a computer could perform 5,000 additions & 300 multiplications per second. b). 2nd Generation computers (1950s & early 1960s). c). Mid 1960s. Integrated Circuit (IC), which combined a no. of transistors & diodes together on a silicon chip, was developed. The speed increased to tens of millions of operations per second. d). In 1971, Intel Corporation produced a very small, single chip called a Microprocessor, which could perform all the operations on the computer’s processor. The chip contained about 1,600 transistors. e). Today’s microprocessors are very powerful, cheaper & more reliable due to the use of the Large Scale Integration (LSI) & Very Large scale Integration (VLSI) technologies, which combines hundreds of thousands of components onto a single chip. 2. Accuracy: 3. Reliability. Therefore, if you want to add two numbers, but by mistake, give the computer a “Multiply” instruction, the computer will not know that you intended to “ADD”; it will multiply the numbers supplied. Similarly, if you give it the ADD instruction, but make a mistake and enter an incorrect data; let say, 14 & 83 instead of 14 & 38; then the computer will produce the “wrong” answer 97 instead of 52. However, note that, 97 is ‘correct’ based on the data supplied. Therefore, the output produced by a computer is only as reliable as the instructions used & the data supplied. 4. Consistency: Computers are usually consistent. This means that, given the same data & the same instructions, they will produce the same answer every time that particular process is repeated. 5. Storage: A computer is capable of storing large amounts of data or instructions in a very small space. A computer can store data & instructions for later use, and it can produce/ retrieve this data when required so that the user can make use of it. Data stored in a computer can be protected from unauthorized individuals through the use of passwords. 6. Diligence: Unlike human beings, a computer can work continuously without getting tired or bored. Even if it has to do a million calculations, it will do the last one with the same speed and accuracy as the first one. 7. Automation: A computer is an automatic device. This is because, once given the instructions, it is guided by these instructions and can carry on its job automatically until it is complete. It can also
perform a variety of jobs as long as there is a well-defined procedure. A computer can be used in different places to perform a large number of different jobs depending on the instructions fed to it. 9. Imposition of a formal approach to working methods: CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS ii) Classification according to the purpose ACCORDING TO PHYSICAL SIZE TYPES OF COMPUTER Analog computer Analog computer measures and answer the questions by the method of “HOW MUCH”. The input data is not a number infect a physical quantity like temp, pressure, speed, velocity.
Time is wasted in transmission time ANALOG COMPUTER DIGITAL COMPUTERS Digital computer counts and answer the questions by the method of “HOW Many”. The input data is represented by a number. These are used for the logical and arithmetic operations.
MICRO COMPUTERS Micro computer are the smallest computer system. There size range from calculator to desktop size. Its CPU is microprocessor. It also known as Grand child Computer.
MINI COMPUTERS These are also small general purpose system. They are generally more powerful and most useful as compared to micro computer. Mini computer are also known as mid range computer or Child computer.
MAINFRAME COMPUTERS Mainframe computers are those computers that offer faster processing and grater storage area. The word “main frame” comes from the metal frames. It is also known as Father computer.
SUPER COMPUTERS
CLASSIFICATION OF DIGITAL COMPUTERS
WORKSTATION TABLET PC HANDHELD PC (PDA) SMART PHONE Peda.net käyttää vain välttämättömiä evästeitä istunnon ylläpitämiseen ja anonyymiin tekniseen tilastointiin. Peda.net ei koskaan käytä evästeitä markkinointiin tai kerää yksilöityjä tilastoja. Lisää tietoa evästeistä Is an electronic device that can accept data process the data store and produce an output called information?A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, that can accept input (data), process the data according to specified rules (process), produce results (output), and store the results for future use (Shelly, Freund and Vermaat, 2010).
What is the electronic device that can put process and store data?A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data. It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data.
What is a machine that accepts data as input?A computer is a machine that accepts data as input, processes data without human intervention by using stored instructions, and outputs information. The central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of a computer.
Which kind of device accepts data and instructions from the user and converts it into computer language?An input device is any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into a computer.
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