Identity _____ is the status of individuals who have made a commitment but not experienced a crisis.

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The ____ consists of all of the characteristics of a person.

self

___-________ is a child’s cognitive representation of the self—the substance and content of the child’s self-conceptions. For example, an 11-year-old boy understands that he is a student, a boy, a football player, a family member, a video game lover, and a rock music fan. A 13-year-old girl understands that she is a middle school student, in the midst of puberty, a girl, a cheerleader, a student council member, and a movie fan.

Self-understanding

The adolescent’s emerging ability to construct ideal selves in addition to actual ones can be perplexing and agonizing to the adolescent. In one view, an important aspect of the ideal or imagined self is the _______ ____ —what individuals might become, what they would like to become, and what they are afraid of becoming

possible self

Young children are more sophisticated at understanding not only themselves, but others, than used to be thought. The term ______ _______ refers to the processes involved in understanding the world around us, especially how we think and reason about other people.

social cognition

______ ______ is the social cognitive process involved in assuming the perspective of others and understanding their thoughts and feelings. Executive functioning is at work here.

Perspective taking

____-______ to refer to a person’s self-worth or self-image, a global evaluation of the self. For example, a child might perceive that she is not merely a person but a good person

self-esteem

the term ____-_____ to refer to domain-specific evaluations of the self. Children can make self-evaluations in many domains of their lives—academic, athletic, physical appearance, and so on.

self-concept

In sum, self-_____ refers to global self-evaluations, self-______ to more domain-specific evaluations.

esteem; concept

________ is who a person is, representing a synthesis and integration of self-understanding

Identity

The search for an identity during adolescence is aided by a ________ _______, which is Erikson’s term for the gap between childhood security and adult autonomy. During this period, society leaves adolescents relatively free of responsibilities and able to try out different identities. Adolescents in effect search their culture’s identity files, experimenting with different roles and personalities.

psychosocial moratorium

______ is defined as a period of identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives.

Crisis

__________ is personal investment in identity.

Commitment

Eriksonian researcher James Marcia (1980, 1994) proposes that Erikson’s theory of identity development contains four statuses of identity, or ways of resolving the identity crisis:

identity diffusion, identity foreclosure, identity moratorium, and identity achievement.

______ ______ is the status of individuals who have not yet experienced a crisis or made any commitments. Not only are they undecided about occupational and ideological choices, they are also likely to show little interest in such matters

Identity diffusion

_____ ______ is the status of individuals who have made a commitment but not experienced a crisis. This occurs most often when parents hand down commitments to their adolescents, usually in an authoritarian way, before adolescents have had a chance to explore different approaches, ideologies, and vocations on their own

Identity foreclosure

_______ ______ is the status of individuals who are in the midst of a crisis but whose commitments are either absent or are only vaguely defined.

Identity moratorium

_________ _______ is the status of individuals who have undergone a crisis and made a commitmen

Identity achievement

_______ consists of two dimensions: self-assertion—the ability to have and communicate a point of view, and separateness—the use of communication patterns to express how one is different from others.

Individuality

_________ also consists of two dimensions: mutuality, which involves sensitivity to and respect for others’ views, and permeability, which involves openness to others’ vie

Connectedness

Developmentalists Catherine Cooper and Harold Grotevant) have found that the presence of a family atmosphere that promotes both_______ and _______ are important to the adolescent’s identity development

individuality; connectedness

Ethnic identity

Many adolescents develop a _______ _______. That is, they identify in some ways with their ethnic group and in other ways with the majority culture

bicultural identity

Is the status of individuals who have made a commitment but have not experienced a crisis?

Foreclosure. These people have made commitments to an occupational future, but have not experienced an identity crisis. They have conformed to the expectations of others concerning their future.

What happens to individuals who do not successfully resolve their identity crisis?

Adolescents who do not successfully resolve the identity crisis suffer what Erikson calls Identity confusion which can lead to isolation from peers and family, or immerse themselves with peers and become lost in a crowd. Core ingredients in Erikson's theory of identity development.

What is Erikson's fifth developmental stage quizlet?

The fifth stage of Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development is identity vs. role confusion, and it occurs during adolescence, from about 12-18 years. During this stage, adolescents search for a sense of self and personal identity, through an intense exploration of personal values, beliefs, and goals.

Which of the following is Erikson's fifth stage?

Identity versus role confusion is the fifth stage of ego in psychologist Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. This stage occurs during adolescence between the ages of approximately 12 and 18. During this stage, adolescents explore their independence and develop a sense of self.