Maximum time from Last Known normal when endovascular therapy can be performed

  • PDFView PDF

Maximum time from Last Known normal when endovascular therapy can be performed

Maximum time from Last Known normal when endovascular therapy can be performed

Consensus statementEndovascular treatment in acute ischaemic stroke. A Stroke Care Plan for the Region of MadridTratamiento endovascular en el ictus isquémico agudo. Plan de Atención al Ictus en la Comunidad de Madrid☆

Abstract

Introduction

Endovascular therapies (intra-arterial thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy) after acute ischaemic stroke are being implemented in the clinical setting even as they are still being researched. Since we lack sufficient data to establish accurate evidence-based recommendations for use of these treatments, we must develop clinical protocols based on current knowledge and carefully monitor all procedures.

Development

After review of the literature and holding work sessions to reach a consensus among experts, we developed a clinical protocol including indications and contraindications for endovascular therapies use in acute ischaemic stroke. The protocol includes methodology recommendations for diagnosing and selecting patients, performing revascularisation procedures, and for subsequent patient management. Its objective is to increase the likelihood of efficacy and treatment benefit and minimise risk of complications and ineffective recanalisation. Based on an analysis of healthcare needs and available resources, a cooperative inter-hospital care system has been developed. This helps to ensure availability of endovascular therapies to all patients, a fast response time, and a good cost-to-efficacy ratio. It includes also a prospective register which serves to monitor procedures in order to identify any opportunities for improvement.

Conclusions

Implementation of endovascular techniques for treating acute ischaemic stroke requires the elaboration of evidence-based clinical protocols and the establishment of appropriate cooperative healthcare networks guaranteeing both the availability and the quality of these actions. Such procedures must be monitored in order to improve methodology.

Resumen

Introducción

El tratamiento endovascular (trombólisis farmacológica intraarterial y trombectomía mecánica) en el ictus isquémico agudo se está implantando en la práctica clínica cotidiana, aunque continúa en desarrollo su investigación. En ausencia de datos suficientes que permitan fundamentar sólidamente las recomendaciones para su uso, es necesario elaborar protocolos de actuación basados en el conocimiento acumulado, así como monitorizar las actuaciones.

Desarrollo

Tras revisión bibliográfica, en reuniones de trabajo de expertos para llegar a un consenso, se ha elaborado un protocolo de actuación que incluye indicaciones y contraindicaciones para la aplicación de tratamiento endovascular y recomendaciones referentes a la metodología de diagnóstico y selección de los pacientes, de los procedimientos de revascularización y manejo posterior, con el objetivo de incrementar las probabilidades de eficacia y beneficio del tratamiento y minimizar los riesgos de complicaciones y de recanalización fútil. En función del análisis de las necesidades asistenciales y los recursos disponibles se ha elaborado un sistema organizativo de colaboración interhospitalaria, para asegurar la accesibilidad al tratamiento garantizando el menor tiempo de respuesta y una relación coste/eficacia favorable. Incluye un registro prospectivo común con fines de monitorización para detectar oportunidades de mejora.

Conclusiones

Para la implantación de técnicas endovasculares de tratamiento del ictus isquémico agudo es imprescindible la elaboración de protocolos de actuación basados en las evidencias disponibles y el establecimiento de sistemas adecuados de organización asistencial para garantizar el rigor y la eficacia de las actuaciones. Es necesario monitorizar los procedimientos con el fin de optimizar la metodología.

Keywords

Ischaemic stroke

Endovascular treatment

Neurointerventional surgery

Mechanical thrombectomy

Thrombolysis

rtPA

Palabras clave

Ictus isquémico

Tratamiento endovascular

Neurointervencionismo

Trombectomía

Trombólisis

Activador tisular del plasminógeno recombinante

Cited by (0)

Copyright © 2012 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.

What is the maximum time from the last known normal when endovascular therapy can be performed?

Conclusions. For acute stroke patients, the late and the unknown time window of up to 24 hours after last seen normal is now open for treatment with intravenous as well as with endovascular reperfusion therapies.

What is the maximum time from last known normal when intra arterial thrombolysis can be performed?

The time from last seen normal to treatment with intravenous alteplase should be under 3 hours for eligible patients with the use of standard eligibility criteria.

What is the ideal timeframe for the administration of endovascular therapy?

Endovascular therapy must be done within six to eight hours of the onset of a stroke, depending on the location. Endovascular treatment can restore blood flow within minutes.

How far out should we activate a code stroke for the patients last known normal?

The protocol is activated by triage nurses or ED physicians when a patient with suspected stroke was identified within 3 hours of onset.