Operating System Show system software that allows users or the application programs they are using to interact with the computer hardware in an easy and convenient manner. Major functions of an operating system: It creates a virtual machine interface between the user/application program and the hardware. It acts as the computer’s resource manager or resource allocator. It functions as the program launcher. Two parts of an operating system: 1. Kernel – is the heart and soul of the operating system 2. Shell – is the part of the operating system that serves as the interface between users and the kernel. Command-line interface (CLI) requires users to type the commands at a prompt Graphical user interface (GUI) Users enter commands by either using drop-down menus or by clicking on icons using a mouse pointer. Services provided by an operating system: Program execution Process manager History of Operating Systems There were no operating systems, so these computers were “bare” machines. Computers can only be used by one person at a time. There were no keyboards during this time so user commands are entered by using toggle switches. High-level programming languages were developed and entered into the computer by using punched cards. There were no fixed or hard disks.Batch systems (second generation)
Multiprogrammed systems (third generation) Multiprogramming, which means concurrent execution of two or more programs by a single CPU, was implemented. Sharing memory among user processes and operating system 
These computers were designed as single-user systems. Multiprocessor systemsThese are computer systems with more than one CPU. Two kinds of multiprocessor systems: 1. Symmetric multiprocessors (SMP) 2. Asymmetric multiprocessors (AMP) Block Diagram of a Symmetric Multiprocessor SystemBlock Diagram of a asymmetric Multiprocessor System http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymmetric_multiprocessing Networked and distributed systems Network operating systems allow the sharing of resources among computers connected in a network. Goals of a distributed operating system: Transparency ParallelismReliability YouTube VideoIs the operating system serves as the interface between the user applications and hardware?An operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware and controls the execution of all kinds of programs. An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs.
Which operating system of a computer serves as a software interface between the user?An operating system (OS) is the program that, after being initially loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer. It provides an interface between a computer user and computer hardware.
What serves as an interface between user applications and the kernel?The operating system serves as the interface between the user, the apps, and the computer or mobile device's hardware.
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The operating system serves as an interface between the user applications and hardware
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