Health Economics Information Resources: A Self-Study Course Show
Glossary of Frequently Encountered Terms in Health Economics Note: Additional key general economics concepts can be found elsewhere in this learning opportunity. Access to Health Care Allocative Efficiency Assesses competing programs and judges the extent to which they meet objectives. An allocation of resources such that no change in spending priorities could improve the welfare of one person without reducing the welfare of another.Attitude to Health Public attitudes toward health, disease, and the medical care system. (MeSH)Average Cost - see Cost Benefit
Benefits
Beneficiary
Blue Cross/Blue Shield
Capitation
Clinical Effectiveness
Controlled Vocabulary (Librarianship)
Co-payments (Co-pay, user charge)
Consumer Behavior
Consumer Expenditure Survey
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
Controlled Vocabulary (Librarianship)
Cost
In considering health problems, costs may be differentiated as follows:
Cost Allocation
Cost Analysis
Cost-benefit Analysis (CBA)
Cost Comparison
Cost Control
Cost Description
Cost-effectiveness Cost-effectiveness Analysis (CEA) Cost-minimization Analysis (CMA) An economic evaluation in which consequences of competing interventions are the same and in which only inputs, that is, costs are taken into consideration. The aim is to decide the least costly way of achieving the same outcome. Cost of Illness
Cost of Illness Study
Cost Outcome Description
Cost Sharing
Cost-utility Analysis (CUA)
Costs and Cost Analysis
Decision-Making
Deductible (excess)
Direct Service Costs
Discounting
Drug Approval
Drug Costs
Drug Formulary
Drug Utilization
Economic Appraisal - see Economic evaluation Economic Burden of Disease, see Cost of Illness Economic Competition
Economic Evaluation
Economic Value of Life - see Value of Life Economic Value Theory
Economics
Effectiveness
Efficiency Making the best use of available resources; i.e. getting good value for resources. See also Allocative efficiency and Technical efficiency. Employer Health Costs
Epidemiology Equity
Externalities
Fees and Charges
Finance
Financial Management
Financing
Financing, Organized
Full Economic Evaluation
GREAT
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Gross National Product (GNP)
Health Care Costs
Health Care Financing - see Financing Health Care Markets - See Health Care Sector Health (Care) Policy
Health Care Reform Health Care Sector
Health Care Rationing
Health Care Utilization - see Utilization Health Economics
Health Expenditures
Health Inequalities
Health Insurance
Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)
(Health) Outcome
Health Planning
Health Service Planning - see Health Planning Health Services Research Health Status
Health Technology Assessment
Hospital Costs
HYE (Healthy Years Equivalents)
Indemnity
Industrial Organization
Insurance
Insurance Premiums
Investments
Labor Economics
Managed Care
Marginal Analysis (MA)
Marginal Benefit
Marginal Cost - see Cost Medicaid
Medical Ethics (MeSH uses Ethics, Medical)
Medical Practice Variations - see Physician's Practice Patterns Medicare
Medicine
MeSH Tree (Librarianship)
Methods of Benefit Assessment
National Health Expenditures
Opportunity Cost
Option Appraisal (OA)
Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
Out-of-pocket Expenditures
Outcome Description
Partial Evaluation
Pharmacoeconomics
Physician's Practice Patterns
Point of Service Plan (POS)
Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)
Priority Setting and Rationing (MeSH term is Health Care Rationing)
Psychology
Public Health
Public Policy (and Finance)
Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs)
Quality-Adjusted-Life-Year (QALY)
Quality of Life
Reimbursement
Remuneration Methods & Incentives
Resource Allocation
Resources
Risk (actuarial)
Scarcity
Sensitivity Analysis
Socioeconomic Determinants of Health
Socioeconomic Factors
Sociology
State Children's’ Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)
Self Insured Plan
Statistical Methods
Technical Efficiency
Third party payer
Underinsured
Uninsured (MeSH uses the term Medically Uninsured)
Utility
Utilization
Utilization Review
Value of Life
Voluntary Care
Willingness-to-pay (WTP)
Definitions are compiled from the following sources:AcademyHealth. Glossary of Terms Commonly Used in Health Care. 2004 edition. Washington, D.C.: AcademyHealth, 2004. Batstone G and Edwards M. 1996. Achieving clinical effectiveness: just another initiative or a real change in working practice? Journal of Clinical Effectiveness, 1 (1), 19-21. Black, John. Dictionary of Economics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, [formerly, Health Care Financing Administration – HCFA] [online] Site URL. Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed. Owings Mills, MD : National Health Pub., c1987. Drummond MF, O’Brien B, Stoddart GL, Torrance GW. Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. 2nd edition. Oxford. Oxford University Press. 1997. Evans, R.G. Strained mercy. The economics of Canadian health care. Toronto. Butterworths. 1984. p.27 Evidence-based health economics. Donaldson C, Mugford M, Vale L (eds). London. BMJ Books. 2002 Glossary of Terms Used in Health Economics, and Pharmacoeconomic and Quality-of-Life Analyses. [online] Site URL. Health Canada. Glossary of Terms. February 19, 2003. [online] Site URL. HERU Glossary produced for the Postgraduate Certificate in Health Economics run by the Health Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, UK. 2002. Macmillan Dictionary of Modern Economics. 4th edition. Basingstoke: Macmillan. 1992. Kovner, Anthony R. and Steven Jonas, eds. Jonas & Kovner’s Health Care Delivery in the United States, Sixth Edition, New York: Springer, 1999. Macmillan Dictionary of Modern Economics. 4th edition. Basingstoke. Macmillan. 1992 Managed Care Glossary. SAMHSA National Mental Health Information Center. September 2002. [online] Site URL. NHS National Library for Public Health. [online] Site URL. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). [online] Site URL. National Library of Medicine. PubMed Tutorial Glossary. [online] Site URL. Nevada Health Link. Glossary. [online] Site URL. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development . Health at a Glance. Source: OECD/Studies/Health , October 2001, vol. 1, no. 1. Accessed March, 2002 Rhea, Joseph C. Title: The Facts on File Dictionary of Health Care Management / Joseph C. Rhea, J. Steven Ott, Jay M. Shafritz. Publisher: New York, N.Y. : Facts on File Publications, 1988. Timmreck, T. C. Health services cyclopedic dictionary : a compendium of health-care and public health terminology. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 1997. Turnock, Bernard J. Public Health, What It Is and How It Works. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen, 2001. United States. Bureau of the Census., United States. Dept. of the Treasury. Bureau of Statistics., et al. Statistical abstract of the United States. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce Bureau of the Census. University of Wisconsin, Anderson Library. Glossary of Library Terms. USC Libraries. Glossary of Library Terms. [online] Site URL. World Bank. Health Systems Development. Health Economics. 2001. [online] Site URL. Zarnke KB, Levine MAH, O’Brien BJ. Cost-benefit analyses in the health-care literature: don’t judge a study by its label. J Clin Epidemiol 1997;50:813-822. What is the term that means a monetary amount paid by the patient each time a service is provided?Copayment - A form of medical cost sharing in a health insurance plan that requires an insured person to pay a fixed dollar amount when a medical service is received. The insurer is responsible for the rest of the reimbursement. ♦ There may be separate copayments for different services.
What is a capitation payment?Capitation is a fixed amount of money per patient per unit of time paid in advance to the physician for the delivery of health care services.
What is the most common form of reimbursement in healthcare?Fee-for-service (FFS) is the most common reimbursement structure and is exactly what it sounds like: providers bill a code for every service performed, including supplies.
What do you call the amount that the patient must pay at the time of each office visit?Copayment: A set dollar amount that the policyholder must pay for each office visit. It is possible that copayments differ for different types of office visits.
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