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The United States Government Study Guide Terms in this set (60)Articles of Confederation? First plan of government for the United Staes; approved by the Second Continental Congress. Details and weakness of the Article of Confederation? Weak national government - most power with the states. Powers of the State Government: Money was different in each state and was worth different amounts in value Example of money? If a citizen from Georgia went to Virginia, he/she would have to trade GA money in for VA money. The GA money might not be equal to the same amount as VA money (GA $1.00 might equal only $0.50 in VA), so it was hard to trade money. Powers
of the State Government: - It was difficult for the states to trade with each other or different countries. Examples of trade laws? - Merchants in New York are confused because the laws in Pennsylvania for trading and selling goods are different. Powers of the State Government: Limits of the National Government: Powers of the State Government: Limits of the National Government: Powers of the State Government: Limited of the National Government: Powers of the State Government: Limits of the National Government: The Northwest Territory Land North of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River that was won in the Revolution The Ordinance of 1787/the Northwest Ordinance -Explained how the new land of the Northwest Territory would be measured, divided, and sold Daniel Shays? A Massachusetts farmer and former soldier in the War for Independence/Revolutionary War, was angry that farmers were being thrown in jail for not being able to pay the state's high taxes or there debts, so he led a rebellion of Massachusetts farmers. Shay's Rebellion? 1. Let debtor farmers out of jail The Importance of Shay's Rebellion? The rebellion showed that the Articles of Confederation had failed and that weak national government could NOT keep order. The Constitutional Convention?
The Philadelphia meeting called by Congress after Shay's rebellion where delegates from the states met to discuss how to change the articles of Confederation. Important Leaders of the Constitutional Convention? James Madison James Madison - The Father of the Constitution -Member of Congress; Virginia delegate
George Washington - President of the Convention - Hero of the Revolution; Virginia delegate Benjamin Franklin -Respected for his wisdom; Pennsylvania delegate Roger Sherman - The Great Compromise - Connecticut delegate who came up with the solution to how both small states and large states would be fairly represented in Congress Alexander Hamilton and John Jay - Federalists who wrote a series of articles called The Federalist Papers: promoted the Constitution and explained how it would work Different Plans for Government 1.
The Virginia Plan The Virginia Plan - James Madison developed the plan The New Jersey Plan Small states did not like that the number of representatives in congress was based on population, because that meant larger states would get more votes in congress than smaller states, so under The New Jersey Plan: each state 1 vote, so that small states would get as much power as large states. The Great Compromise? Roger Sherman came up with a solution to the Biggest Problem Facing the Convention: How small states and large states could both be fairly represented in Congress - The Great Compromise Sherman's Plan? - Dividing Congress into 2
Houses: The Issue of Slavery Southern delegates wanted slaves to count as part of state's population, which would
give southern states more representatives in Congress Three-Fifths Rule? Compromise that counted five slaves as three citizens that could be counted as of a state's population. Ratifying the Constitution The United States Constitution is based on Madison's Virginia Plan and was signed on Sept, 17th, 1787, at least 9 out of 13 states had to ratify the constitution, but were Problems. Ratify the constitution problems, Federalists? -Suports of the constitution Ratify the constitution problems, Antifederalists? - Opposed the constitution Result of ratifying the constitution? Federalists promised Antifederalists that they would add a Bill of Rights and eventually all 13 states ratified the Constitution. The Constitution? Is our plan of government, and describes how our government works. The Introduction: The Preamble "We the People of the United States..." are the first words of the Preamble (or beginning) of the Constitution. These words are important because they tell us: Our government is based on Popular Sovereignty ( the people have the power to rule) Article 1: The Legislative Branch - MAKES LAWS for the country. Congress made up of 2 parts: Article 2: The Executive Branch - ENFORCES, or CARRIES OUT THE LAWS for the country. - President: head of branch, citizens elect a new President every 4 years. Article 3: The Judicial Branch - STUDIES AND INTERPRETS THE LAWS to make sure that they follow the Constitution - Supreme Court: the highest court in the nation Balance of Power? The authors of the Constitutions made 3 branches of government that were equal in power because they wanted to prevent one person or branch from becoming too powerful and having all of the power like King George 3 did. Separation of Power Power is divided equally among the 3 branches Checks and Balances A system where each branch limits the power of the other 2 branches to prevent one branch from becoming more powerful than the others. The Legislative Branch ( Congress) -Checks Executive: two-thirds of Congress can pass a law even if the President vetoed it.
The Executive Branch ( President) - Checks Legislative: The President approves or vetoes laws based by Congress. The Judicial Branch ( Supreme Court) - Checks Legislative: The Supreme Court can declare a law passed by Congress unconstitutional The Bill of Rights A list of rights, or liberties guaranteed by the United States Government. How are the 10 amendments known in other words? The Bill of Rights Why was the Bill of Rights includes in the Constitution? Because the Antifederalists wanted to make sure that the government could NOT take away all the rights of its citizens ( as King George 2 tried to do to the colonists). These rights limit the power of government and make sure its citizens are protected. Amendment? A change in the constitution Most Common way to Amend the Constitution? 1. 2/3of Congress proposes a change Federal System? States share power with the central government, but the central government has more power than the states. Popular Sovereignty? The people have the power to rule Democracy? A government in which the people have the power to make decisions about their leaders and laws; mostly done through a republic. Republic? Government in which the citizens elect leaders to represent them - the citizens have all the power. Right? Freedoms guaranteed by the government: listed in the Bill of Rights Responsibility? A duty or task citizens should do to support our government and the Common Good ( goods of all U.S. citizens). Examples of Responsibilities? Voting, paying taxes, respecting the right of the others, following the laws, volunteering, etc. National, State, and Local Levels of Government? - The 3 branches of government are located at all 3 levels of government. National Powers? - Print money State Powers? - Create local courts Shared Powers? - Set up courts Recommended textbook solutionsMagruder's American Government1st EditionSavvas Learning Co 555 solutions United States Government: Our Democracy1st EditionDonald A. Ritchie, Richard C. Remy 1,148 solutions American Government1st EditionGlen Krutz 412 solutions Magruder's American Government (Florida Student Edition)1st EditionDaniel M. Shea 602 solutions Sets with similar termsUS History Chapter 553 terms kathrynsauer TCI Grade 5 Unit 1470 terms npritzker Constitution and Articles of Confederation41 terms para1028 New Government39 terms saxninja12000PLUS Sets found in the same folderACA 5th grade chemistry45 terms sarah_g_williams constitution and government310 terms yua_satou Declaration of Independence9 terms laurenkatb Constitution Quiz 8/2862 terms dominique_mitchell Other sets by this creatorChapter 1419 terms sarah_g_williams ACA -Latin 3rd Conjugation Future Tense9 terms sarah_g_williams ACA -Latin 3rd Conjugation Imperfect tense8 terms sarah_g_williams ACA - Latin - 3rd Conjugation Present7 terms sarah_g_williams Other Quizlet setsWeight Management53 terms Ronald_Harper3TEACHER American History- Chapter 14 Test82 terms Alice_Momany Sutton GIS Unit 2, Part 2: GIS Data Models18 terms CSutton_WIUTEACHER ENG 6H Unit 5 Lauren Mundt15 terms bd526671 Related questionsQUESTION what are the types of cases heard by state courts? 15 answers QUESTION Also known as the reserve clause, this Amendment is the most important to the states because it gives them all powers not given to the Federal government 2 answers QUESTION What was Brown V. Board of education of Topeka (1954) about? 9 answers QUESTION Who was given the primary responsibility for drafting the Declaration of Independence? 15 answers What are the responsibilities of Congress under the Articles of Confederation quizlet?(a) Explain the responsibilities of Congress under the Articles of Confederation. (a)The responsibilities of Congress under the Articles are to make war and peace, send and receive ambassadors, make treaties and the function of the executive and judicial branches.
What responsibilities did the national government have under the Articles of Confederation?The Articles of Confederation created a national government composed of a Congress, which had the power to declare war, appoint military officers, sign treaties, make alliances, appoint foreign ambassadors, and manage relations with Indians.
What was the American government like under the Articles of Confederation quizlet?The Articles of Confederation had no president or executive. The federal government had no money and could not tax. The federal government could not draft soldiers to form an army... they had to ask states for soldiers. The federal government had no judicial branch.
What was the main purpose of the national government formed by the Articles of Confederation quizlet?What was the purpose of the Articles of Confederation? The purpose of the Articles of Confederation was to plan the structure of the new government and to create a confederation-some kind of government.
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