What type of software is distributed typically for free with the source code also available so that it can be studied changed and improved by its users quizlet?

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1. Science
2. Computer Science

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Terms in this set (107)

_______ consists of computer programs that control the workings of computer hardware

software

sequences of instructions for the computer

computer programs

set of programs that coordinates the activities and functions of the hardware and other programs throughout the computer system; controls the operations of computer hardware; supports the application programs' problem-solving capabilities

systems software

helps users solve particular computing problems; in most cases, resides on the computer's hard disk; can be stored on CDs, DVDs, and even USB flash drives

application software

serve the needs of an individual user; often use personal productivity software (ex: Microsoft Word)

personal sphere of influence

two or more people who work together to achieve a common goal

workgroup

supports the firm in its interaction with its environment

enterprise sphere of influence

types of system software include:

operating systems, utility programs, and middleware

set of programs that control the computer hardware and acts as an interface with applications

operating system

some activities performed by the operating system include:

1. performing common computer hardware functions
2. providing a user interface and input/output management
3. providing a degree of hardware independence
4. managing system memory
5. managing processing tasks
6. providing networking capabilities
7. controlling access to system resources
8. managing files

the element of the operating system that allows you to access and command the computer system

user interface

current operating systems:

1. microsoft windows
2. MAC OC
3. Linux
4. Google android, chrome OS

user interface includes:

- command based
- graphical user interface (GUI)

requires you to give text commands to the computer to perform basic activities

command based user interface

displays pictures, icons, and menus that people use to send commands to the computer system

graphical user interface (GUI)

help to perform maintenance or correct problems with a computer system

utility programs

utility programs includes:

- hardware utilities
- security utilities
- file-compression utilities
- spam-filtering utilities
- network and internet utilities
- server and mainframe utilities

software that allows various systems to communicate and exchange data; often used when a company acquires new information systems and wants the new and old systems to share data and interact (can also be used as an interface between the internet and older legacy systems)

middleware

The use of middleware to connect separate systems has evolved into an approach known as a _______.

service-oriented architecture (SOA)

______ uses a modular method of developing software and systems that allows users to interact with systems and systems to interact with each other.

Service-oriented architecture (SOA)

help you perform common tasks, such as creating documents, performing calculations, or managing information; interact with systems software

application software

two important types of application software:

- proprietary software
- off-the-shelf-software

other types are: application service provider (ASP), software as a service (SaaS)

one-of-a-kind software designed for a specific application and owned by the company, organization, or person that uses it.

proprietary software

software mass produced by software vendors to address needs that are common across businesses, organizations, or individuals; existing program that is purchased

off-the-shelf-software

company that provides software, support, and the computer hardware on which to run the software from the user's facilities over a network

application service provider (ASP)

a service that allows businesses to subscribe to Web-delivered business application software by paying a monthly service charge or a per-use fee; can reduce expenses by sharing its running applications among many businesses

software as a service (SaaS)

refers to the use of computing resources on the Internet (cloud) rather than on local computers.

cloud computing

includes the general-purpose tools/programs to support individual needs.

personal application software

create, edit, and print text documents. Ex: MS Word, Google Docs

word processing

statistical, functional, logical calculations. Ex: MS Excel, Apple numbers

spreadsheet analysis

store, manipulate, and retrieve data. Ex: MS Access

database applications

develop graphs, illustrations, and drawings. Ex: MS Project

graphics programs

a collection of single programs packaged together in a bundle. MS Office, Corel WordPerfect Office, OpenOffice, etc.

software suite

applications developed specifically for mobile use on a small display.

mobile application software

two types of mobile application softwares are:

- apple app store
- android market

designed to support teamwork, whether team members are in the same location or dispersed around the globe.

workgroup application software

3 C's for collaboration:

i. Convenient- must be easy to use
ii. Content- must provide constant stream of relevant, personalized content
iii. Coverage- must be accessible

software that benefits an entire organization. Many use enterprise resource planning software to manage vital operations for an entire organization. (Accounts payable, invoicing, shipping, retail operations, etc).

enterprise application software

sets of keywords, commands, symbols, and a set of rules for constructing statements by which humans can communicate instructions to computers.

programming languages

today, programmers often use ______ and _______ languages

visual and object-oriented languages

uses graphical or "visual" interface combined with text-based commands.

visual programming

uses objects, which consist of data and the actions that can be performed on the data.

object oriented languages

A ________ is used to translate a complete program into a complete set of binary instructions. After that is done, the CPU can execute the converted program in its entirety.

compiler

defects in a computer program that keep it from performing as it is designed to perform.

software bugs

some tips to reduce impact of software bugs:

1. Register software so you receive alerts on bugs, fixes, and patches
2. Install the latest software updates
3. Check the manual or read-me files for solutions to known patches
4. Access the support area of the manufacturer's Web site for patches

most software products are protected by law using copyright or licensing provisions.

copyrights and software licensing

When you purchase software, you don't actually own the software; you are typically buying a _______: permits only one person to use the software, typically on only one computer.

single-user license

is software that is made available to the public for free.

freeware

distributed typically for free, with the source code also available so that it can be studied, changed, and improved by its users.

open source software

software companies revise their programs and sell new version periodically; most offer new features and capabilities, and typically cost less than a new installation of a product.

software upgrades

one trend today is to outsource global software support to third party distributors.

global software support

_____ is indispensable for any computer system and the people using it

software

Key to helping you achieve your career goals and enrich your life; Stock trading, scientific, accounting, tax, etc.

application software

Describes program functions to help the user operate the computer system

documentation

types of software:

- systems software
- application software

Combination of a hardware configuration and systems software

computer system platform

scope of problems and opportunities addressed by a particular organization

sphere of influence

helps users improve their personal effectiveness

personal productivity software

serves the needs of a workgroup

workgroup sphere of influence

Ties all components of the OS together and regulates other programs

kernel

Combinations of operating systems, computers, and users:

- Single computer with a single user
- Single computer with multiple simultaneous users
- Multiple computers with multiple users
- Special-purpose computers

activities performed by the operating system:

- Perform common computer hardware functions
- Provide a user interface and input/output management
- Provide a degree of hardware independence
- Manage system memory
- Manage processing tasks
- Provide networking capability
- Control access to system resources
- Manage files

common operating system hardware functions:

- Get input from keyboard or another input device
- Retrieve data from disks
- Store data on disks
- Display information on a monitor or printer

Allows individuals to access and command the computer system

user interface

Allows applications to make use of the operating system

application program interface (API)

Allows computer to execute program instructions effectively and to speed processing

memory management

operating systems processing tasks:

- multitasking
- time-sharing
- scalability

More than one program can run at the same time

multitasking

Allows more than one person to use a computer system at the same time

time-sharing

Ability of the computer to handle an increasing number of concurrent users smoothly

scalability

Allows computers in a network to send and receive data and share computing resources

networking capability

- Protection against unauthorized access
- OS establishes a logon procedure

access to system resources and security

Ensures that files in secondary storage are available when needed and that they are protected from access by unauthorized users

file management

IBM's first 64-bit enterprise OS

z/OS

- Robust UNIX-based OS from Hewlett-Packard
- Supports Internet, database, and business applications on server and mainframe enterprise systems

HP-UX

provide communication and limited personal information management services

embedded systems

Included with or embedded into small computer devices

windows embedded

allows a manager to see every keystroke a worker makes on a computer system

key logging software

can catalog the Internet sites that employees visit

monitoring software

allow users to map common tasks to defined keyboard combinations

keyboard shortcut utilities

Uses modular application services to allow users to interact with systems, and systems to interact with each other

service-oriented architecture (SOA)

applications software help you perform common tasks, such as:

- Creating and formatting text documents
- Performing calculations
- Managing information

personal application software:

- Word processing
- Spreadsheet analysis
- Database applications
- Presentation graphics program
- Personal information managers
- Software suites and integrated software packages
- Other personal application software

GPL grants you the right to:

- Run the program for any purpose
- Study how the program works and adapt it to your needs
- Redistribute copies so you can help others
- Improve the program and release improvements to the public

Software companies revise their programs and sell new versions periodically

software upgrades

most software upgrades:

offer new features and capabilities

Used to create artificial intelligence or expert systems applications

fifth-generation languages (5GLs)

Set of rules associated with a programming language

syntax

Set of instructions that signal the CPU to perform circuit-switching operations

program code

Set of integrated programs that manage a company's vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization

enterprise resource planning (ERP) software

Software that helps groups of people work together more effectively

groupware

which of the following is an example of a command-driven operating system?

A. XP
B. Snow Leopard
C. MS DOS
D. Windows 7

C. MS DOS

application software such as Microsoft Excel manipulates the computer hardware directly. True or False?

False

______ is an open-source OS that is used in all computer platforms: PC, server, embedded, smartphones, and others.

Linux

Spam filtering is a function of the operating system. True or False?

False

some companies use ________ to run multiple operating systems on a single computer.

A. multitasking
B. middleware
C. service oriented architecture
D. virtualization

D. virtualization

controlling the operations of computer hardware is one of the most critical functions of application software. True or False?

False

software that enables users to improve their personal effectiveness, increasing the amount of work they can do and its quality, is called ________.

A. personal productivity software
B. operating system software
C. utility software
D. graphics software

A. personal productivity software

optimization can be found in which type of application software?

A. spreadsheets
B. word-processing programs
C. personal information management programs
D. presentation graphics programs

A. spreadsheets

______ software is one-of-a-kind software designed for a specific application and owned by the company, organization, or person that uses it

proprietary

____ allows businesses to subscribe to Web-delievered business application software by paying a monthly service charge or a per-use fee.

A. software as a service (SaaS)
B. an application service provider (ASP)
C. proprietary software
D. off-the-shelf software

A. software as a service (SaaS)

most software purchased to run on a personal computer uses a _____ license.

A. site
B. concurrent-user
C. multiuser
D. single-user

D. single-user

one of the primary advantages of ____ programming is the use of reusable code modules that save developers from having to start coding form scratch

object-oriented

each programming language has its own set of rules, called the ______ of the language

syntax

a complier converts a programmer's source code into the machine-language instructions consisting of binary digits. true or false?

true

____ allows users to tweak the software to their own needs

A. freeware
B. off-the-shelf software
C. open-source software
D. software in the public domain

C. open-source software

what type of license is an enterprise likely to purchase for software that it intends all of its employees to use while on the site?

site license

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What type of software is distributed typically for free with the source code also available so that it can be studied?

What type of software is distributed typically for free with the source code also available so that it can be studied changed and improved by its users?

Which operating system is usually distributed free?

Which kind of software can be distributed by anyone to others at no cost group of answer choices?