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Mathematics for Health Sciences1st EditionJoel Helms 1,674 solutions Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) are most often found to be caused by inherited factors. HCM and ARVD are linked to deficiencies in cardiac development. HCM and ARVD are linked to genetic mutations. HCM is associated with a genetic mutation related to desmosomal proteins; ARVD is linked to a chromosomal defect. HCM is linked to genetic mutations; ARVD is due to chromosomal defects. HCM and ARVD are linked to genetic mutations. Both HCM and ARVD are linked to genetic mutations. ARVD is specifically linked to a mutation of the desmosomal proteins. Neither HCM nor ARVD is closely associated with chromosomal defects, nor are they linked to specific malformations in cardiac development. The nurse is admitting a patient
with cardiomyopathy. History of hypertension Vital signs Report of recent weight gain Diet and activity Vital signs Vital signs are part of the physical examination. When admitting a patient with cardiomyopathy, history of hypertension, recent weight gain, and diet and activity should be included in the health history.
A 56-year-old patient newly diagnosed with cardiomyopathy was discharged after a short hospital stay. Several weeks later they are seen for a follow-up appointment. "I do not have a blood pressure (BP) monitor at home, so I can't monitor that like you said, but I make sure I write down my BP every time I visit a doctor." "I have cut back on my smoking a lot! I went from almost a pack a day to a little over half a pack a day." "I have cut out all fried foods and my favorite snack, cured Italian meats! I've been eating a lot of fruit and vegetables lately as well." "I'm still a little confused about what time of day I'm supposed to take my medication, but I know that it's supposed to help me, so I will try to be better at that." "I have cut out all fried foods and my favorite snack, cured Italian meats! I've been eating a lot of fruit and vegetables lately as well." In which cardiomyopathies is the nurse likely to hear both S3 and S4 murmurs? Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) A patient with restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is becoming increasingly frustrated with the symptoms they are experiencing because the therapies they are undergoing are not alleviating the symptoms. During one visit, the patient asks the nurse, "Can't I just get on the transplant list and get a new healthy heart?" "Transplantation is certainly a viable option. To get on the list to receive a new heart, you must go through some more diagnostic testing and have a few more appointments with specialists." "Transplantation is the definitive form of treatment for your cardiomyopathy, although you will need to understand that you are at risk for organ rejection for the rest of your life once the surgery is complete." "Transplants are not options for people with cardiomyopathy, so I'm afraid that is not something we can pursue." "Unfortunately, transplants on patients with the type of cardiomyopathy that you have don't work. The underlying process that causes fibrosis in your heart will not be eliminated, and eventually it will affect the transplanted heart." "Unfortunately, transplants on patients with the type of cardiomyopathy that you have don't work. The underlying process that causes fibrosis in your heart will not be eliminated, and eventually it will affect the transplanted heart." The nurse is reviewing the diagnostic tests for a patient admitted for possible cardiomyopathy. Echocardiogram Cardiac catheterization Radionuclear scan Myocardial biopsy Cardiac catheterization A cardiac catheterization evaluates the patient's coronary artery perfusion. An echocardiogram detects cardiac enlargement. A myocardial biopsy examines heart cells for infiltration, fibrosis, or inflammation. Radionuclear scans identify changes in ventricular volume and mass. The nurse is teaching a community group about how to manage and reduce risks associated with hypertension. Taking a course on baking cupcakes and pastries Including more fruit juices in the diet Participating in yoga class three times per week Smoking marijuana Participating in yoga class three times per week Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse expect to include when planning care for a patient with cardiomyopathy? Cardiac Output, Decreased Pain, Chronic Fluid Volume, Deficient Gas Exchange, Impaired Cardiac Output, Decreased A patient admitted to a medical unit for cardiomyopathy has a family history of cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and chronic alcohol and drug use. Restrictive cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy The nurse plans to monitor fluid volume for a patient diagnosed with cardiomyopathy. Monitor the patient's weight daily. Administer supplemental oxygen. Auscultate heart sounds. Encourage rest periods throughout the day. Monitor the patient's weight daily. The nurse is caring for a patient with a family history of heart disease. Because of this, the patient takes their health very seriously and works hard at keeping a heart-healthy lifestyle. Drinking four cocktails in one evening Eating a pescatarian diet (a vegetarian and fish diet) Bicycling to and from work every day Meditating for 20 minutes every night before bed Drinking four cocktails in one evening Which circulatory therapy is used to treat cardiomyopathies? Surgical ventricular remodeling Left ventricular assist device Pacemaker Cardiac transplantation Left ventricular assist device The left ventricular assist device is often used as a measure to support cardiac output prior to a heart transplant. The device assists the left side of the heart to maintain perfusion to the rest of the circulatory system. A pacemaker is used to control life-threatening dysrhythmias or help maintain a stable heart rhythm. Surgical ventricular remodeling is an alternative to transplantation, which is the definitive treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy. A patient is receiving an implanted cardiac defibrillator (ICD) due to
arrhythmias related to cardiomyopathy. The patient asks what this will do to their heart. "It is a surgical pump implanted into the abdominal cavity that aids in perfusion throughout the body." "When it's needed, the ICD can send an electrical impulse to stimulate cardiac contraction." "The ICD increases the size of the left ventricle to improve heart function and increase overall muscle size." "The ICD reduces the size of the left ventricle to improve heart function and reduce overall muscle size." "When it's needed, the ICD can send an electrical impulse to stimulate cardiac contraction." The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with cardiomyopathy. Nocturnal dyspnea Dizziness Chest pain Nausea Nocturnal dyspnea The nurse is working with a patient who has been diagnosed with the early stages of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). To prepare for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation To eliminate exercise from the lifestyle To implement low-sodium dietary modifications To begin a medication regimen of beta blockers To implement low-sodium dietary modifications Which statement describes the relationship of fluid level and cardiac function in patients with cardiomyopathy? Increased fluid volume alleviates stress on the failing heart, which enables the heart to not have to pump as hard to manage workload; additional fluids should be included in the patient's diet. Increased fluid volume puts added stress on failing heart ventricles, which makes them work harder to manage the fluid load; therefore, fluids should be restricted. As the heart fails, stroke volume and tissue perfusion increase and added fluid puts further strain on an already low-performing heart; therefore, fluids should be restricted. Fluids should be increased in patients with cardiomyopathy to ensure adequate hydration. Increased fluid volume puts added stress on failing heart ventricles, which makes them work harder to manage the fluid load; therefore, fluids should be restricted. The ECG of a patient with cardiomyopathy showed atrial fibrillation and signs of ventricular tachycardia. Elastic compression stockings Abdominocentesis Implanted cardiac defibrillator Surgery to repair the damaged tissue Implanted cardiac defibrillator A patient is instructed to begin implementing dietary modifications to reduce the onset of cardiomyopathy. To help the patient, the nurse provides a list of appropriate foods to eat each day. Low-fat Greek yogurt Salmon Brown rice Pepperoni Pepperoni The nurse is caring for a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) who has developed symptoms of cardiomegaly. The patient's family asks the nurse about whether or not they should encourage the patient to begin exercising more. "Some activity is helpful, but you must ensure that only passive range of motion (ROM) exercises are completed." "Exercising is not going to be helpful at this point in the disease. Resting and taking it easy are the best ways to move forward at this point." "Exercising is a great idea. An hour of swimming every day could help immensely." "Exercise can be helpful, but you should consult your primary healthcare provider about the most appropriate regimen. Patients with cardiomegaly cannot tolerate rigorous exercise." "Exercise can be helpful, but you should consult your primary healthcare provider about the most appropriate regimen. Patients with cardiomegaly cannot tolerate rigorous exerci The nurse is teaching a patient who is in early stages of heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy about lifestyle modifications. Encouraging the patient to practice the Valsalva maneuver when moving their bowels Advising the patient to begin a more rigorous exercise routine Instructing the patient to elevate their feet at the end of the bed when sleeping or resting Encouraging the patient to rest periodically throughout the day Encouraging the patient to rest periodically throughout the day As cardiac output (CO) falls, compensatory mechanisms cause Salt and water retention, which increases blood volume. A patient w/ cardiomyopathy presents w/ ascites. What procedure would you expect them to undergo? Abdominocentesis What procedure is performed as a treatment for angina? Surgery to repair damaged coronary arteries What devise is often used as a measure to support CO prior to a heart transplant? Left ventricular assist device What device is used to control life-threatening dysrhythmias or maintain a stable heart rhythm? Pacemaker What procedure is performed as an alternative to transplantation in patients w/ DCM? Surgical ventricular remodeling A patient is diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Anticoagulant Antidysrhythmic Diuretic Beta blocker Beta blocker Which patient is most at risk for developing cardiomyopathy? A 54-year-old former cocaine user who self-reports smoking five cigarettes per day and consuming a diet that consists mostly of red meat, chicken, and some vegetables. They work two jobs, one during the day shift and one third shift (night shift) job. A 45-year-old patient who smoked for eight years before quitting when they turned 40; works as a coder and spends many hours seated at a desk working each day. They self-report attending spin class three times per week. A 16-year-old patient with a BMI of 32 and a history of alcohol abuse, who attends alternative school daily and works with a counselor to develop healthy methods of handling stress and anger management. A 76-year-old patient with a family history of heart failure, who consumes a plant-based vegetarian diet and was a former competitive runner in their 20s through 50s. They now attend a senior exercise class everyday and walk their dogs three times each day for a combined distance of over 3 miles. A 54-year-old former cocaine user who self-reports smoking five cigarettes per day and consuming a diet that consists mostly of red meat, chicken, and some vegetables. They work two jobs, one during the day shift and one third shift (night shift) job. A patient is seen in the emergency department reporting significant fatigue. Upon further assessment, the nurse finds evidence of dyspnea, S3 and S4 gallop, and mitral regurgitation murmur. Unclassified cardiomegaly Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) Which information should be assessed when completing a health history for a patient diagnosed with cardiomyopathy? Capillary refill Peripheral pulses Recent weight gain Breath sounds Recent weight gain What medication should be used w/ caution in patients w/ dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)? Beta Blockers What type of cardiomyopathy presents w/ dyspnea, fatigue, right-sided heart failure, mild-moderate cardiomegaly, S3 & S4 gallop, & mitral regurgitation murmur? Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) What type of cardiomyopathy often presents w/ symptoms of HF & chest pain, or may be asymptomatic? Unclassified cardiomyopathy A 73-year-old woman was recently diagnosed with restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM). Ventricular tachyarrhythmia S3 and S4 gallop, elevated jugular venous pressure, and right-sided heart failure Heart failure, cardiomegaly, dysrhythmia Left ventricular hypertrophy, dysrhythmias, anginal pain S3 and S4 gallop, elevated jugular venous pressure, and right-sided heart failure Heart failure, cardiomegaly, & dysrhythmia are all clinical manifestations of what types of cardiomyopathy? Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) Left ventricular hypertrophy, dysrhythmias, & anginal pain are all manifestations of what type of cardiomyopathy? Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) Ventricular tachyarrhythmias are a manifestation of what type of cardiomyopathy? Right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) What type of cardiomyopathy is specifically linked to a mutation of the desmosomal proteins? Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) What diagnostic test evaluates a patient's coronary artery perfusion? Cardiac catheterization What diagnostic test detects cardiac enlargement? Echocardiogram What diagnostic test examines heart cells for infiltration, fibrosis, or inflammation? Myocardial biopsy What diagnostic test identifies changes in ventricular volume and mass? Radionuclear scan Which type of cardiomyopathy can be treated with heart transplantation?In these cases, life expectancy is significantly reduced: a mean 3-year survival time has been reported1–3. Heart transplantation can be a life saving therapeutic option for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a burn-out end-stage phase.
What are the 4 types of cardiomyopathy?The main types of cardiomyopathy are:
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) Left Ventricular Non-compaction (LVNC)
What is the most common treatment for cardiomyopathy?Treatment options for cardiomyopathy. Lifestyle changes. Stopping alcohol use. Monitoring salt intake.. Medicines. Lower blood pressure. ... . Surgically implanted device that helps maintain proper heart rhythm.. Ablation procedure. Removes extra heart tissue to reduce thickening. ... . Heart transplant (for a severely damaged heart). What is the treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy?Treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy may include medications or surgery to implant a medical device that controls the heartbeat or helps the heart pump blood. Sometimes, a heart transplant is needed.
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What types of cardiomyopathy can be treated with heart transplantation quizlet
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