When the opportunity cost of producing a good rises as someone produces more of it?

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. 

Scarcity means

a.

wants are greater than the limited resources available to satisfy these wants.

b.

wants are less than the limited resources available to satisfy these wants.

c.

resources are infinite.

d.

wants are limited.

e.

both c and d

2. 

Choice implies

a.

opportunity cost.

b.

efficiency.

c.

inefficiency.

d.

utility.

e.

disutility.

3. 

Which of the following is true?

a.

Once a theory is proved, it can never be disproved.

b.

A theory that is proved can later be disproved as the world changes.

c.

A theory can never be proved but only supported by a lack of refuting evidence.

d.

A theory can never be proved or even supported because it inevitably rests on normative statements.

4. 

A system (whether it is a belief system, a system of government, or a program of action) will function more successfully if

a.

it can be proven by strict logic.

b.

people believe it is the Word of God.

c.

has a means of eliminating errors.

d.

popular Hollywood actors like it.

e.

it is progressive.

5. 

What is the reason for the law of increasing costs?

a.

There is no reason: it just is.

b.

People have varying abilities and those with lower opportunity costs of producing a good produce it before people with higher opportunity costs produce it.

c.

The price of a good rises as more of it is demanded.

d.

As more of a good is produced, the taxes applied to the production of the good rise.

e.

c and d

6. 

One of the insights of thinking in terms of a production possibilities frontier (PPF) is

a.

opportunity costs are always changing.

b.

you can't always get everything you want.

c.

economic growth always makes everyone better off.

d.

consumers always pay higher prices than they would like to pay.

7. 

Opportunity cost is the value of

a.

the next best forfeited alternative.

b.

the chosen alternative.

c.

a free good.

d.

an economic good.

Exhibit 1

When the opportunity cost of producing a good rises as someone produces more of it?

8. 

Refer to Exhibit 1. The opportunity cost of increasing TV production from 30 to 40 thousand units per year is the loss of ______  fax machines per year.

a.

5000.

b.

10,000.

c.

20,000.

d.

40,000.

e.

50,000.

Exhibit 2

When the opportunity cost of producing a good rises as someone produces more of it?

9. 

Refer to Exhibit 2. Which graph depicts a discovery of a new cheap source of energy?

a.

(1)

b.

(2)

c.

(3)

d.

(4)

e.

none of the above

10. 

Which of the following (1) best defines an advance in technology and (2) most accurately describes the effect of an advance in technology?

a.

An advance in technology commonly refers to the ability to produce more output with more resources; an advance in technology shifts the production possibilities frontier (PPF) outward.

b.

An advance in technology commonly refers to the ability to produce more output with a fixed quantity of resources or the ability to produce the same output with a smaller quantity of resources; an advance in technology shifts the PPF inward.

c.

An advance in technology commonly refers to the ability to produce more output with a fixed quantity of resources or the ability to produce the same output with a smaller quantity of resources; an advance in technology shifts the PPF outward.

d.

An advance in technology commonly refers to the ability to produce more output with a smaller quantity of resources or the ability to produce the same output with a larger quantity of resources; an advance in technology shifts the PPF outward.

e.

none of the above

11. 

A socialist thinker believes that private property is economically undesirable because

a.

it cannot provide incentives to its owners.

b.

it often provides unfair political or social power to its owners.

c.

it shields its owners from the incentives provided by price changes.

d.

the government cannot effectively manage property.

12. 

Capitalist thinkers believe that prices

a.

are to be worshiped.

b.

are useful in helping to ration goods and services.

c.

convey information to the buyer.

d.

provide incentives.

e.

all but a.

13. 

In the Simple Circular Flow of Economic Activity, income flows from

a.

the government to households.

b.

households to the goods and services market.

c.

the factor market to the households.

d.

business firms to the final goods and services market.

e.

the money market to the households.

14. 

In the Simple Circular Flow of Economic Activity, How to produce a good or service is determined by

a.

government regulations.

b.

the money market.

c.

business firms.

d.

households.

e.

the factor market.

15. 

The law of demand states that price and quantity demanded are

a.

directly related, ceteris paribus.

b.

inversely related, ceteris paribus.

c.

independent.

d.

positively related, ceteris paribus.

16. 

Demand refers to

a.

how much of a good people are willing and able to buy at a particular price.

b.

the different quantities of a good people are willing and able to buy at different prices.

c.

the different quantities of a good people are willing and able to buy at a particular price.

d.

an unvariable quantity of a good people are willing to buy even if the price of the good changes.

e.

none of the above

17. 

Which set of changes will raise demand?

a.

an increase in income (assuming demand is for a normal good), a decline in wage rates, and a rise in the per-unit tax placed on the production of a good

b.

an increase in the number of buyers, a decline in the price of a substitute, and an increase in the prices of relevant resources

c.

an increase in the price of a substitute, a decrease in the price of a complement, and an increase in expected (future) price

d.

a decline in the number of buyers, an increase in the price of a complement, and a decline in a per-unit tax placed on the production of a good

e.

none of the above

18. 

The law of supply states that price and quantity supplied are

a.

inversely related, ceteris paribus.

b.

directly related, ceteris paribus.

c.

not related.

d.

fixed.

19. 

An advance in technology causes

a.

a rightward shift in the supply curve.

b.

a leftward shift in the supply curve.

c.

the supply curve to go from upward sloping to vertical.

d.

the supply curve to go from vertical to upward sloping.

Exhibit 3

When the opportunity cost of producing a good rises as someone produces more of it?

20. 

Refer to Exhibit 3. $20 is the

a.

equilibrium price.

b.

market-clearing price.

c.

price at which there is neither a surplus nor a shortage.

d.

all of the above

Exhibit 4

When the opportunity cost of producing a good rises as someone produces more of it?

21. 

Refer to Exhibit 4. Suppose equilibrium is at point B. Something then changes and equilibrium becomes point C. Which of the following is consistent with the change in equilibrium from point B to C?

a.

There was an increase in resource prices, and income increased.

b.

There was a decrease in resource prices, and income stayed constant.

c.

There was an increase in wages, and income decreased.

d.

There was an increase in wages, and income increased.

22. 

An economist says, "Technological advances have the power to lower the prices of many of the goods we buy." Here is how this works:

a.

Technological advances lead to lower demand, which leads to lower prices.

b.

Technological advances lead to greater supply, which leads to lower prices.

c.

Technological advances lead to greater quantity supplied, which leads to lower prices.

d.

Technological advances lead to lower taxes, which lead to greater supply, which leads to lower prices.

e.

Technological advances lead to higher taxes, which lead to fewer subsidies, which lead to greater supply, which leads to lower prices.

23. 

An effective price ceiling will

a.

clear the market.

b.

result in a shortage.

c.

result in a surplus.

d.

induce new firms to enter the industry.

24. 

An effective price floor will

a.

clear the market.

b.

result in a shortage.

c.

result in a surplus.

d.

force some firms in this industry to go out of business.

25. 

Price ceilings and price floors

a.

shift demand and supply curves and therefore have no effect upon the rationing function of prices

b.

interfere with the rationing function of prices.

c.

make the rationing function of free markets more efficient.

d.

cause surpluses and shortages, respectively.

26. 

In year 1 the CPI is 140.0, and in year 2 the CPI is 154.0. From year 1 to year 2, Martha's salary rises from $20,000 to $23,000, and Chiang's salary rises from $40,000 to $44,000. Who is "more than keeping up with inflation"?

a.

Martha

b.

Chiang

c.

both Martha and Chiang

d.

neither Martha nor Chiang

27. 

A __________ price index can __________ the cost of living.

a.

fixed-weighted; understate

b.

fixed-weighted; overstate

c.

chain-weighted; understate

d.

chain-weighted; overstate

28. 

The civilian noninstitutional population can be broken down into two groups:

a.

employed persons and unemployed persons.

b.

persons working and persons not working.

c.

persons working in service jobs and persons working in manufacturing jobs.

d.

persons not in the labor force and persons in the civilian labor force.

29. 

If a person did at least one hour of work as a paid employee during the survey week, how is she classified?

a.

as an employed person

b.

as not in the labor force

c.

as an unemployed person

d.

none of the above

30. 

The employment rate equals the number of

a.

employed persons divided by the number of unemployed persons.

b.

unemployed persons divided by the civilian noninstitutional population.

c.

employed persons divided by the civilian labor force.

d.

employed persons divided by the civilian noninstitutional population.

e.

none of the above

When the opportunity cost of producing a good rises as you produce more of it you experience?

Answer and Explanation: When the opportunity cost of producing a good rises as you produce more of it, you experience b. increasing relative costs.

What happens when opportunity cost increases?

In other words, opportunity cost subtracts the cost of the chosen outcome from the cost of the outcome that a company could have chosen. As the opportunity cost of producing a product increases, the process of producing goods also becomes less efficient.
The opportunity cost of moving from one efficient combination of production to another efficient combination of production is how much of one good is given up in order to get more of the other good.

When opportunity costs are increasing the slope of the production possibilities frontier becomes?

Increasing opportunity cost means when we increase the production of one by one more unit of good X, we have to forgo more and more units of good Y. When the slope of the production possibilities curve becomes steeper, it represents increasing opportunity cost.