An information system is a set of interrelated components that collect or retrieve, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization. Information systems can also be used to analyze problems, visualize complex subjects, and create new products. Show Information is data, or raw facts, shaped into useful form for humans. Figure 1-3
Figure 1-4
Computer literacy focuses primarily on knowledge of information technology. Information systems literacy, the understanding of information systems, includes a behavioral and technical approach to understanding the broader organization, management, and information technology dimension of systems and their power to provide solutions. The field of management information systems (MIS) tries to achieve this broader information systems literacy. Figure 1-5
The key elements of an organization are its people, structure, business processes, politics, and culture. An organization coordinates work through a structured hierarchy and formal standard operating procedures. Managerial, professional, and technical employees form the upper levels of the organization's hierarchy while lower levels consist of operational personnel. Figure 1-6
Experts are employed for the major business functions: the specialized tasks performed by organizations, which consist of sales and marketing, manufacturing and production, finance and accounting, and human resources. An organization coordinates work through its hierarchy and business processes. These processes may be documented and formal, or informal, unwritten work processes, such as how to handle a telephone call. Each organization has a unique culture, or fundamental set of assumptions, values, and ways of doing things, that are accepted by most of its members. Parts of an organization's culture can be found in its information systems. For example, UPS's organizational focus on customer service can be found in the package tracking system available to customers. Information systems may also reflect the organizational politics or conflicts that result from differing views and opinions in an organization. Information systems are also a key component in the ability of management to make sense of the challenges facing a company and in management's ability to create new products and services, manage the company, and even re-create the organization from time to time. Information technology is one of the many tools used by management to cope with change. A firm's information technology (IT) infrastructure is a technology platform or foundation on which a firm can build its information systems. IT infrastructure consists of:
The World Wide Web is a service provided by the Internet that uses universally accepted standards for storing, retrieving, formatting, and displaying information in a page format on the Internet. Web pages contain text, graphics, animations, sound, and video and are linked to other Web pages. The Web can serve as the foundation for new kinds of information systems such as UPS's Web-based package tracking system From a business perspective, an information system is an important instrument for creating value for the firm. Information systems enable the firm to increase its revenue or decrease its costs by providing information that helps managers make better decisions or that improves the execution of business processes. Every business has an information value chain in which raw data is systematically acquired and then transformed through various stages that add value to that information. The value of an information system to a business, as well as the decision to invest in any new information system, is, in large part, determined by the extent to which the system will lead to better management decisions, more efficient business processes, and higher firm profitability. Figure 1-7
Some firms achieve better results from their information systems than others. Studies of returns from information technology investments show that there is considerable variation in the returns firms receive. Reasons for lower return on investment include failure to adopt the right business model that suits the new technology or seeking to preserve an old business model that is doomed by new technology. Figure 1-8
Complementary investments include:
Who is the author of the textbook that we will use in this class Educ 1300?EDUC 1300 The correct textbook for the course, EDUC 1300 Learning Frameworks & Student Success 4th Custom Edition for Houston Community College. Author's are Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody.
Which of the following are good ways to avoid or deal with procrastination?8 Tips to Avoid Procrastination. Get Organized. You are more likely to procrastinate if you don't have a set plan or idea for completing your work. ... . Eliminate Distractions. ... . Prioritize. ... . Set Goals. ... . Set Deadlines. ... . Take a Break. ... . Reward Yourself. ... . Hold Yourself Accountable.. Which statement best describes what the web does?Identify the statement that best describes what the web does. It provides a graphical means for locating and accessing information on the Internet.
Which is one major benefit of effective notes Educ 1300?Effective note-taking helps students retain what they learned in class so that they can use the material to study and build their knowledge and tackle more complex concepts later on.
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