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World Systems Theory posits that there is a world economic system in which some countries benefit while others are exploited. Learning Objectives
Key Points
Key Terms
World Systems Theory, like dependency theory, suggests that wealthy countries benefit from other countries and exploit those countries’ citizens. In contrast to dependency theory, however, this model recognizes the minimal benefits that are enjoyed by low status countries in the world system. The theory originated with sociologist Immanuel Wallerstein, who suggests that the way a country is integrated into the capitalist world system determines how economic development takes place in that country. According to Wallerstein, the world economic system is divided into a hierarchy of three types of countries: core, semiperipheral, and peripheral. Core countries (e.g., U.S., Japan, Germany) are dominant, capitalist countries characterized by high levels of industrialization and urbanization. Core countries are capital intensive, have high wages and high technology production patterns and lower amounts of labor exploitation and coercion. Peripheral countries (e.g., most African countries and low income countries in South America) are dependent on core countries for capital and are less industrialized and urbanized. Peripheral countries are usually agrarian, have low literacy rates and lack consistent Internet access. Semi-peripheral countries (e.g., South Korea, Taiwan, Mexico, Brazil, India, Nigeria, South Africa) are less developed than core nations but more developed than peripheral nations. They are the buffer between core and peripheral countries. Core countries own most of the world’s capital and technology and have great control over world trade and economic agreements. They are also the cultural centers which attract artists and intellectuals. Peripheral countries generally provide labor and materials to core countries. Semiperipheral countries exploit peripheral countries, just as core countries exploit both semiperipheral and peripheral countries. Core countries extract raw materials with little cost. They can also set the prices for the agricultural products that peripheral countries export regardless of market prices, forcing small farmers to abandon their fields because they can’t afford to pay for labor and fertilizer. The wealthy in peripheral countries benefit from the labor of poor workers and from their own economic relations with core country capitalists. What is a limitation of the threeIt is applicable only in industrial economies with predictable spatial patterns. Q. Which explains a limitation of the three-tiered structure of Wallerstein's world systems theory? The model does not provide for countries outside of the core to accomplish any of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
Which of the following explains the most significant weakness of Wallerstein's world system theory?Which of the following explains the most significant weakness of Wallerstein's world-system theory? World system theory provides little explanation about how a country like South Korea could rise from a peripheral country to a core economy.
Which statement explains one way in which the transformation of India's economy contradicts Wallerstein's world theory?Which statement explains one way in which the transformation of India's economy contradicts Wallerstein's world system theory? Using a development strategy to avoid economic dependency, India has been able to develop its own industries and participate fully in the global economy. -Correct.
Which of the following statements best explains a limitation of the political map shown in the conveying economic information?Which of the following statements best explains a limitation of the political map shown in conveying economic information? In the context of free trade, the borders between the member states are irrelevant.
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