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fingers, hand, wrist, forearm
What pt position is most commonly used when radiographing a digit? | Seated at end of table |
Where is the CR directed during a PA projection of a digit? | directed to the PIP joint of the affected digit |
where is the CR directed for lateral projections of the 2nd -5th digit? | Perpendicular to the PIP joint of the affected digit |
what is the most common oblique projection of the 2nd-5th digit? | PA oblique |
How many degrees is the hand rotated for a PA oblique projection of a digit? | 45 degrees |
For a PA oblique proj. of the first digit, the hand is placed in the: | palmar surface in contact with IR, ulnar deviate the hand slightly |
The CR angulation for the PA hand is: | perpendicular to the 3rd MCP joint |
which of the following is used to demonstrate the hand in lateral projection: | answer- fan lateral, lateromedial, mediolateral |
lateral proj. of hand- CR is directed to the: | 2nd digit MCP joint |
flexing the fingers on the pa wrist projection causes what? | places wrist into the closest contact with CR |
PA Proj of wrist, CR is directed to : | midcarpal area |
what should be in contact with table during a pa proj of wrist? | forearm, wrist |
which of the following would be used to better demonstrate the carpal interspaces? | AP image because of the oblique direction of interspaces. |
which CR angles is used for lateral proj of the wrist? | perpendicular to wrist joints |
Lateral projection of wrist, the elbow must be flexed? | 90 degrees to rotate ulna to lateral position |
which is the primary proj used to demonstrate anterior or posterior displacement fractures of the wrist? | lateral wrist with radial surface to IR(mediolateral) |
PA proj of wrist in lateral rotation requires a wrist angulation of? | 45 degrees |
CR angle for PA oblique position of wrist is? | perpendicular to midcarpal area just distal to the radius |
which of the following are well demonstrated on the pa oblique projection of the wrist? | PA lateral, AP medial rotations or Ulnar deviation |
which of the following clearly demonstrates the scaphoid? | PA lateral oblique or PA axial(stetcher method) |
PA proj of wrist in ulnar deviation, clearly demonstrates the: | scaphoid, rotation of wrist, soft tissue |
PA proj of wrist in ulnar deviation, CR can be angled? | perpendicular to scaphoid 10-20 degrees |
PA proj of wrist in ulnar deviation, CR is directed to ? | scaphoid |
PA proj of wrist (stetcher method) clearly demonstrates | scaphoid, no rotation of carpals, metacarpals,ulna or radius |
The IR must be elevated by ____ degrees for the PA proj of the wrist (stetcher method) | 20 degrees |
If the IR and wrist is placed flat on the table for the pa proj of wrist (stetcher method) the CR must be angled? | 20 degrees toward elbow |
The CR angulation for the PA axial proj of wrist (stetcher method) is: | perpendicular 10,20,30 degrees cephalad |
which of the following methods is used to demonstrate the carpal canal? | tangential projection |
CR angle for tangential projection of the carpal canal is: | 1 1/2 inch proximal to wrist - 45 degree angle caudad |
AP projection of forearm, the hand is? | supinated |
which of the following should be clearly demonstrated on the AP forearm? | wrist and distal humerus |
for lateral proj of the forearm, the elbow should be flexed | 90 degrees |
lateral proj of the forearm should clearly demonstrate what? | wrist/humerus superimposition by radial head, radius and ulna |
For the AP proj of the elbow, the humeral epicondyles are? | |
PIP joints that the CR directs to are located? | Proximal joint of the phalanges. (2nd joint of finger closest to knuckles, middle of fingers) |
MCP Joints that the CR directs to are located? | Metacarpalphalangeal--or knuckles |
scaphoid is where? | under the thumb above the lateral side of radius |
Radius/Ulna positions | Radius - thumb Ulna - pinky |
2nd-5th fingers views are (3) | PA, lateral, PA oblique |
Lateral views of digits 2, 3, 4, 5 in positions.. | 2nd-lateromedial 3rd is lateromedial 4th mediolateral 5th-mediolateral |
PA oblique Digits 2-5 views lateral rotation | place palm on IR, rotate hand externally (bring up)45 degree with sponge. fan fingers over sponge for 3,4,5 views |
1st digit thumb views (4) | AP,PA,lateral,PA oblique --- PA proj not used |
AP thumb position | turn hand to posterior side of thumb on IR, fingers up out of way |
Lateral thumb positon | palm on IR, roll fingers into fist and stick thumb out |
PA oblique thumb | palm on IR, ulnar deviate hand slightly, thumb should be in natural oblique position. |
Hand views (3 main) | PA,PA oblique,Lateral-Mediolateral,lateromedial, Fan,ballcatcher |
Lateral views of hand (3) | mediolateral, lateromedial, fan |
PA hand | forearm on table, palm on IR, spread fingers CR on 3rd digit MCP joint |
PA oblique hand- lateral rotation | palm on IR, adjust obliquity of hand so MCP joints form angle 45 with IR, CR 3rd MCP |
Mediolateral lateral view hand | lateral hand with radial side to IR, CR to 2nd MCP |
Lateromedial lateral view hand | lateral hand with ulnar side to IR, CR to 2nd MCP |
Fan lateral view hand | put hand on sponge |
Created by: HLC
Which of the following is demonstrated on an AP oblique projection lateral rotation of the elbow?
Elbow AP Oblique Lateral (external) rotation
Purpose and Structures Shown This view should demonstrate the bones of the elbow and proximal forearm, as well as the distal humerus and the elbow joint and soft tissue of the elbow in an oblique position.
Which projection demonstrates anterior or posterior displacement of fractures of the hand and wrist?
Upper Extremeties.
How many degrees should the elbow be angled for an AP lateral oblique projection?
An AP oblique radiograph requires the elbow to be oriented 45 degrees in internal rotation. A lateral radiograph of the elbow requires the elbow to be flexed 90 degrees with the forearm and humerus laying flat on the table and the image receptor, ulnar side down on the receptor, and thumb/radial side up.
In what position should the hand be placed for the AP projection of the humerus?
Positioning for an AP projection of the humerus
Abduct the arm slightly, and supinate the hand so that epicondyles of the elbow are equidistant from IR. A coronal plane passing through the epicondyles should be parallel with the cassette plane for the AP or posteroanterior (PA) projection.