Which of the following refers to how much of a good or service is offered at each price?

Sometimes ecommerce entrepreneurs need more than a gut check to prove their business venture is viable. Whether it’s for your own reassurance or to build a strong case for a business funding application—or something else entirely—knowing the supply and demand in your niche is critical to informing your business plan.

Determining demand does more than confirm there’s an audience for your product: it informs pricing strategies, marketing initiatives, purchasing, and more.

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What is market demand?

Market demand is how much consumers want a product for a given period of time. Market demand is determined by a few factors, including the number of people seeking your product, how much they’re willing to pay for it, and how much of your product is available to consumers, from both your company and from your competitors.

Total market demand can fluctuate over time—in most cases, it does. This could be due to a variety of factors, some seasonal and predictable, others more out of our control, like a natural disaster or even a pandemic. Sometimes the entire demand curve shifts.

When more people want a specific type of product, this is an increase in market demand and prices typically go up—more people want it and more people are willing to pay for it. But when market demand decreases, prices typically follow suit. It gets more complex than that, but we’ll get into it later.

One common business mistake is not considering market demand for your venture, especially when it comes to product development. You don’t want to invest too much capital in products that no one will buy—sitting stock eats at your profits and takes up warehouse space. You also want to account for economic growth as well.

On the flip side, you also want to make sure you always have enough to serve your customer base. Out-of-stocks are costly issues and could spoil your chance to snag a new lifelong customer

3 market demand examples

Testing market demand at a local level

Shopify merchant, Woodlot is a lifestyle and body care brand with roots in Vancouver. When Sonia Chhinji and Fouad Farraj wanted to try out a new line of candle products, they knew their hometown would be the best testing ground to see if there was any market demand and what that demand might be—both at a local and at a global level.

They researched local neighborhoods and came up with a list of shops they wanted to target for wholesale, and inbound leads began trickling in. This initial demand helped them validate the venture and identify strong markets outside of the Vancouver area, as well as forecast demand for their business overall.

“It makes sense to start in your home city—it’s the one where you’re going to get a lot of attention, a lot of support, and also a lot of opportunity, but eventually, you’re going to need to expand and grow,” Sonia says. “We were able to take that neighborhood idea and bring it to Toronto, to Montreal, and then other cities across Canada and the US.”

Through their research, the discovered candles were their most popular and bestselling item, and that's where they focus their product line today.

Read more: What Is Product Development? Learn The 7-Step Framework Helping Businesses Get to Market, Faster and Easier

Measuring market demand on ecommerce channels

Cinnamon and Jason Miles’s Liberty Jane Clothing brand was born out of first-hand market research—their daughters. They started designing and creating doll clothes and testing ideas at home. They then took the ideas outside the home to get a better idea of what market demand could look like in the real world. “We would go to dance classes and Brownie troop meetings and all the mums and daughters would say, ‘Where did you get that?’ and ‘How can I get it?’” Cinnamon recalls.

Eventually, they tested even larger waters, getting started with selling on eBay way back in 2008. Just 18 months later, they began publishing the patterns as an additional revenue stream. Now, they’ve taken advantage of that increase in demand to create a thriving ecommerce business that brings in as much as $600,000 per year.

Read more: What is a Vertical Market and Why Should You Care?

Finding a product with stable demand

While some products are seasonal, and thus experience fluctuating demand, others are more level year round. One example is matcha—and that was one of the reasons some of us here at Shopify experimented with selling matcha online. In just three days, our store did more than $900 in revenue.

We looked at Google Trends to see that the product was emerging in popularity and paired that with additional market research to validate demand. Because matcha isn’t a seasonal product, we were able to assume that demand would remain steady.

An example of using Google Trends to better understand aggregate demand of a given product.

How to find market demand

While 1:1 conversations with real people can provide a ton of valuable insights, there are ways to get additional data and make this process more valuable and streamlined.

There are two great places to “listen” to consumers: search engines and social media.

1. Use search engine optimization tools

Let’s consider our SEO tools. Keyword Surfer is a free Google Chrome add-on from Surfer SEO that lets you get insights from search engine result pages (SERPs) directly—no dashboard or login required.

It gives you search volume, keyword suggestions, and estimated organic traffic for all ranked pages. You can get a lay of the land before doubling down on a product idea inspired by search trends.

You can also find inspiration in Google Trends by typing in keywords, phrases, and topics to see how frequently users search these and related terms. You can filter by time period, country, and even city. It’ll also reveal where those searches are trending.

Much like the trending countries, the specific cities searching for our potential product give us insight into the distribution of interest and can give you insight into where you should focus your marketing efforts should you decide to move forward.

Check out Google’s “recently trending” page for emerging topics. Here, we can see there’s been some interest in phones. Ecommerce entrepreneurs might look at that as a way to drill down further into iPhone accessories specific to this model.

Now we’ll head over to Google Keyword Planner. (You’ll need to open a Google Ads account, but it’s free to do so. Creating an account now will ultimately be useful for when you launch your ecommerce business.)

Keyword Planner allows you to search for keywords to determine the average monthly search volume on Google for that term and related search terms. If we type in “iPhone accessories,” Keyword Planner gives us a whole list of similar keywords that can serve as inspiration for product ideas and validation for market demand. Fewer searches likely indicates less demand.

For your own market demand research, use the targeting settings to get data from your intended market. You want to make sure you’re targeting the countries you plan to sell to.

In your list of results, there are three things to pay attention to:

• Long-tail keywords. Long-tail keywords are keywords that are made up of three or more words. You’re not just looking for long-tail keywords, but long tails that are closely related to your product and niche. For example, “hdmi to lightning cable” comes up in our iPhone research.
• High search volume. This can be subjective. However, you want to look at long-tail keywords that have a decent search volume each month. Higher search volume means more people are looking for your potential product. This can start to give you a good understanding of how in-demand your product is.
• Competition. This column refers to how many other people are actively bidding for and competing to show up in queries related to that keyword. Low competition generally means that it would be easier to rank for these keywords and cheaper to purchase ads based on these keywords.

There is no minimum number of relevant searches per month we would recommend, but it’s important to recognize the current potential. It’s also relative to other product ideas and keywords.

Although Google sees its fair share of traffic and queries, it’s not the only place to learn about market demand. Enter social listening.

Read more: How to Do a Competitive Analysis (+ Free Template)

2. Use social listening tools

Social listening involves aggregating data from social media conversations about products, industries, brands, etc.

Many tools allow you to filter conversations, target specific geographic locations, and pull summarized analytics reports you can use in combination with other data. Each tool works differently but they all accomplish the same thing when it comes to researching market demand.

Essentially, you’ll enter a few keywords and the tool will pull social media posts that mention or are relevant to that keyword. You can see what the sentiment is, where people are talking about it, and even what they’re actually saying about it.

But market demand is about more than just calculating interest in a product. It’s also about understanding how much of a product your market will purchase and at what price point.

Look at public information about product sales—industry reports, case studies, etc. A good old-fashioned Google search is also a great starting point. We searched “how many people purchase iPhones?” and found this data from Statista:

If we were to go the iPhone accessories route, we could use this number as a starting point to estimate the potential market demand, and then drill down further into accessory data to get a better estimate.

Now we need to look at pricing. Find what your competitors are selling the same or similar products for. It’s a good idea to check out a range of competitors here, both direct-to-consumer brands and those that can be found on other online marketplaces. These are important data points to note.

Notice how as prices go up, demand goes down. That’s pretty much universal for all products and all markets (though there are always exceptions). To get an idea of total market demand, you’d repeat the above process for each customer.

Learn more: How to Start a Phone Case Business

Bringing it all together

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Determining demand FAQ

What are the three requirements of demand?

1. Consumers must desire a product or service.
2. Consumers must be willing to purchase the product or service.
3. Consumers must have the resources to be able to buy the product or service.

How do you increase demand for a product?

While there are many factors that go into the demand of a product or service, there are a few things you as an online store owner can do to increase demand.

• Use marketing to generate awareness for your products.
• Educate your target audience on the value of your products or services.
• Use genuine scarcity to increase demand.
• Invest in product marketing and research.

What is the demand curve?

The demand curve is a visual representation of the relationship between the price of a good or service and the amount of quantity demanded over time.

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Which of the following refers to the amount of a good or service that customers will buy at a given time at various prices?

Which of the following refers to the amount of a good or service that firms are able and willing to to provide at given prices?

Which of the following refers to the amount of goods and service that are available at various prices within the marketplace?

What is the amount of goods and services called?