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The removal of a woman's ovaries may contribute to decreasing sexual interest because her natural ________ level is _______. A) testosterone; lowered 2 One gene scan of 40,000 people worldwide identified a variant of a gene called FTO. This gene nearly doubles the risk of A)anorexia nervosa 3 Which theory most clearly emphasizes the importance of homoeostasis in motivation? A)instinct theory 4 Over the past 50 years, the incidence of anorexia nervosa has steadily increased. This is most clearly attributable to: A)cultural ideals of beauty that increasingly encourage thinness. A)cultural ideals of beauty that increasingly encourage thinness. 5 Some students work hard in school in order to attain high grades. This best illustrates the importance of: 6 A starving rat will lose all interest in food if its ________ is destroyed. A)lateral thalamus 7 Unlike in men, a high sex drive in women is likely to be associated with an increased same-sex attraction as well as an increased opposite-sex attraction. This best illustrates women's greater A)Set point 8 After spending years in the ocean, a mature salmon swims up its home river to return to its birthplace. This behavior is an example of: A)homeostasis. 9 The secretion of PYY _________ hunger and the secretion of orexin ________ hunger. A)increases; decreases 10 When pregnant sheep were injected with testosterone during a critical period of fetal development, their female offspring later demonstrated A)Homosexual behavior 11 During which phase of the sexual response cycle does the refractory period begin? A)the plateau phase 12 In a classic experiment, obese patients whose daily caloric intake was dramatically reduced lost only 6 percent of their weight. This limited weight loss was due, at least in part, to the fact that their dietary restriction led to a(n) A)Elevation of their set points C)Decrease in their metabolic rate 13 In an attempt to lose some of the weight she has gained from binge eating, Melissa tries to compensate by using laxatives and exercising until she is exhausted. Melissa most clearly demonstrates symptoms of: A)anorexia nervosa. 14 The fraternal birth order effect refers to a factor associated with: A)task
leadership. 15 When asked what is most necessary for a happy and meaningful life, most people first mention the importance of satisfying their ________ needs. A)achievement 16 In poorer nations, subjective well-being is especially likely to be influenced by satisfaction with one’s ________. In wealthier countries, subjective well-being is especially likely to be influenced by satisfaction with one’s ________. A)financial circumstances; home life A)financial circumstances; home life 17 In studies that followed hundreds of New Zealand and U.S. girls
from age 5 to 18, ________ was linked to sexual activity before age 16. 18 Research on sexual orientation indicates that: A)there have always been some cultures that are predominantly homosexual. C)committed long-term love relationships are more common among lesbians than among gay men. 19 Assessing the impact of different management styles on the motivation and productivity of employees best illustrates the A)personnel psychology. C)organizational psychology. 20 Managers who build teamwork and effectively mediate employee conflicts are said to excel in: A)structured interviews. 21 Our ________ serves as a gauge of how socially accepted we feel. A)set point 22 Perspiring and blood vessel constriction serve to: A)preserve body warmth. 23 Those who view their work as a fulfilling and socially useful activity are said to view work is a: 24 Compared to ineffective managers, those who excel invest a _______ proportion of their time and effort trying to remedy their employees' deficiencies and a _______ proportion of their time and effort trying to enhance their employees' talents. A)larger; larger 25 A drive refers to: A)a rigidly patterned behavior characteristic of a species and developed without practice. D)an aroused or activated state that is often triggered by a physiological need. 26 The stress normally experienced by immigrants is lessened by “chain migration.” This best illustrates the importance of ________ needs. A)self-actualization
27 Lack of body fluids is to thirst as ________ is to ________. A)motivation; emotion 28 In a complete sexual response cycle, ________ immediately precedes ________. A)the excitement phase; orgasm E)the plateau phase; the excitement phase 29 According to Maslow, our need for ________ must be met before we are prompted to satisfy our need for ________. A)food; love 30 Electrical stimulation of the ________ causes an animal to ________. A)lateral hypothalamus; stop eating C)lateral hypothalamus; start eating 31 Over the past quarter century, Americans' tendency to agree that extramarital sex is always wrong has ________ and Americans' tendency to agree that homosexuality should be an acceptable alternative life-style has ________. A)increased; decreased 32 The incidence of male homosexuality has been found to be slightly higher than usual among: A)physicians. D)men who have older brothers. 33 A thick, juicy hamburger is to hunger as ________ is to ________. A)need; drive 34 By scripting specific job-relevant questions to be asked of all those applying for a particular work position, a personnel psychologist is most clearly developing a framework for: A)Theory X management. 35 Employee achievement motivation is most likely to be facilitated by: A)unstructured interviews. C)participative management. 36 A woman's estrogen levels peak during: A)the refractory period. 37 Premarital sexual activity is higher among American teens who: A)have college-educated rather than high school-educated parents. D)consume rather than abstain from alcohol. 38 Managers with a social leadership style would be most likely to: A)ensure that individual employees contribute their fair share to group projects. D)mediate a personal dispute between two argumentative employees. 39 A small proportion of the contributors to any field produce most of its accomplishments despite the fact that their less productive professional colleagues are fairly comparable in raw ability. This best illustrates the importance of: A)basal metabolic rate. B)achievement motivation. 40 Need is to drive as ________ is to _______. A)food deprivation; hunger A)food deprivation; hunger 41 Insulin is to the pancreas as ghrelin is to: A)the hypothalamus. 42 42. The secretion of leptin _________ hunger and the secretion of orexin ________ hunger. A)increases; decreases 43 A Columbia University study found that teens who took vows pledging virginity until marriage were subsequently: A)more likely than other adolescents to suffer health problems. D)less likely than other adolescents to use contraceptives if they did have intercourse before marriage. 44 The fraternal birth order effect has been explained in terms of: A)observational learning. D)maternal immune responses. 45 Work is most likely to satisfy the higher-level needs in Maslow's hierarchy if it is associated with: A)frequent pay raises. B)the experience of flow. 46 Evaluations of job applicants based on informal interviews are ________ predictors of future job performance than handwriting analysis and ________ predictors than aptitude tests. A)better; better 47 A tendency to assume that employees view work as a job rather than a calling is most characteristic of: A)Theory X managers. 48 By motivating us to satisfy our physical needs, hunger and thirst serve to: A)raise the set point. 49 Who emphasized that people whose needs for safety are unmet will not be preoccupied with satisfying their needs for love? A)Kinsey 50 Orexin is an appetite hormone secreted by the: A)hypothalamus. 51 Destruction of the ________ causes an animal to ________. A)lateral hypothalamus; overeat C)ventromedial hypothalamus; overeat 52 52.The concept of a set point is relevant to understanding the experience of: A)hunger. 53 Lindsey is extremely afraid of becoming obese even though she is underweight. She often checks her body in the mirror for any signs of fat and refuses to eat most foods because she insists they are fatty or high in calories. Lindsey most clearly demonstrates symptoms of: A)a refractory period. 54 Bulimia patients are most likely to come from families with an unusually high incidence of: A)alcoholism and depression. A)alcoholism and depression. 55 The accuracy of Alfred Kinsey's survey findings regarding American sexual practices in the 1940s is highly questionable because: A)few of his survey respondents were very well educated. D)his leading questions may have encouraged false participant responses. 56 Sleep researchers have discovered that: A)most dreams have explicit sexual content. C)nocturnal emissions are more likely when orgasm has not occurred recently. 57 Compared to sexual intercourse rates among teens in North America, the rates among teens are ________ in Western Europe and ________ in Asia. A)lower; lower 58 Regardless of their sexual orientation, women are more likely than men to be aroused by both male and female sexual images. This best illustrates gender differences in: A)set points. 59 Which of the following is not true with respect to sexual orientation? A)Virtually all cultures in all times D)Men who report a change from a homosexual to a heterosexual orientation typically achieve an exclusively opposite-sex attraction. 60 Personnel psychology is one of the main subfields of: A)personality psychology. C)industrial-organizational psychology. 61 For each performance review, Professor Donnell is evaluated by her students, colleagues, department chair, and research assistants. This best illustrates: A)homeostasis. 62 Compared to ineffective managers, those who are effective are more likely to: A)make employees aware that
their work performance is being monitored continuously. C)give employees positive reinforcement when they perform well. Which theory emphasizes the importance of homeostasis in motivation?According to drive-reduction theory, humans are motivated to satisfy physiological needs in order to maintain homeostasis.
Which theory of motivation emphasizes genetically predisposed behaviors?Instinct theory (evolutionary perspective) focuses on genetically predisposed behaviors for all members of a given species. Drive-reduction theory focuses on the motivation to maintain homeostasis by satisfying basic biological needs.
Which theory would be most likely to predict that rats are motivated?Which theory would be most likely to predict that rats are motivated to explore precisely those areas of an experimental maze where they receive mild electrical shocks? Arousal theory.
Which theory would be most helpful for explaining why people are motivated to watch horror movies?Which theory would be most helpful for explaining why people are motivated to watch horror movies? hierarchy of needs theory.
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