Based on developmental research, which adolescent is most likely to experience healthy development?

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The fact that most books for parents of teenagers tend to focus on the problems in stead of normative development is concerning because:

A. the stereotypes are usually based on facts
B. the more parents believe in the stereotypes, the worse their relationships with their teenagers become
C. most parents have no idea what to expect when their children reach adolescence
D. the more parents believe that they are going to have a difficult time with their adolescent, the less likely that the parents will create a self-fulfilling prophecy

B. the more parents believe in the stereotypes, the worse their relationships with their teenagers become

The tensions that are often assumed to be inherent in the relations between adolescents and adults are referred to as the:

A. parent-child rift
B. generation gap
C. empty nest syndrome
D. midlife crisis

B. generation gap

When it comes to matters like religion, adolescents are more likely to be influenced by _______ over _________.

A. friends; parents
B. media; friends
C. media; parents
D. parents; friends

D. parents; friends

For which of the following scenarios would Amy, an older adolescent, be most likely to accept her parent's rules?

A. whether it is permissible to cheat on a school test
B. whether it is permissible to drink and drive
C. whether she should know what team she'll be home after going out
D. all of these situations are scenarios where Amy will feel that her parents have a legitimate right to make (and enforce) rules

D. all of these situations are scenarios where Amy will feel that her parents have a legitimate right to make (and enforce) rules

Luis and Carla Hernandez are getting a divorce. It is likely that the family will go through a period of ______ before it can adjust to this challenge.

A. disequilibrium
B. equilibrium
C. disinhibition
D. guilt

A. disequilibrium

Bobby's parents expect him to tell them everything. However, now that he's 13 years old, he feels entitled to keep secrets from them. What has this discrepancy been referred to as?

A. violations of expectations
B. sibling deidentification
C. nonshared environmental effects
D. indulgent parenting

A. violations of expectations

Why is it difficult to determine the exact nature (and direction of the effect) of the relations between family characteristics and adolescent development?

A. Adolescent behavior may be a stronger determinant of family relationships than parents' behavior patterns
B. parents and adolescents reciprocally influence each other
C. we cannot tell how parents' parenting patterns impact their adolescents' behavior until it is too late
D. genetic inheritance has a stronger impact on adolescent behavior than parenting practices

B. parents and adolescents reciprocally influence each other

Ethnic differences in parenting practices suggest that:

A. authoritative parenting is most likely to be used by white and asian families
B. ethnic minority families are less likely than white families to use an authoritative parenting style because they are less educated than white parents
C. even though authoritative parenting is less commonly used by ethnic minority families, its effect on adolescent development are beneficial in all ethnic groups
D. authoritarian parenting has equally negative effects on adolescent development across all ethnic groups

C. even though authoritative parenting is less commonly used by ethnic minority families, its effect on adolescent development are beneficial in all ethnic groups

Which parenting characteristic is more prevalent among ethnic minorities?

A. supportiveness
B. demandingness
C. warmness
D. fairness

B. demandingness

Based on developmental research, which adolescent is most likely to experience healthy development?

A. Chris, who parents encourage dependence and connection
B. Benji, whose parents engage with him in verbal give-and-take
C. Sam, whose parents encourage dependence and personal distance
D. Bernie, whose parents encourage autonomy and personal distance

B. Benji, whose parents engage with him in verbal give-and-take

In comparisons with teenagers in previous times, teenagers in contemporary societies spend __________ time with their peers ________ with their parents

A. more; than
B. less; than
C. as much; as
D. there is too much conflicting data on this issue to give a definitive answer

A. more; than

A group of individuals who are born during a particular time period (e.g. the baby boomer) is known as what?

A. a generation X
B. a cohort
C. an age-graded society
D. a census group

B. a cohort

What generalization can you make about the nature of peer influence in adolescence?

A. girls are more suspectible to the influences of their peers than boys
B. peers are more likely to encourage adolescents to behave in ways that adults disapprove than to encourage each other to engage in activities that adults approve, such as school
C. it is unwise to generalize about the nature of peer influence; peers can enter both positive and negative influences
D. the majority of peers encourage each other to value academic achievement

C. it is unwise to generalize about the nature of peer influence; peers can enter both positive and negative influences

By the end of high school, crowds:

A. have become a defining influence in the adolescent's life
B. increasingly gain in importance for an adolescent's identity
C. become less important to adolescents
D. peak in their importance to adolescents

C. become less important to adolescents

Vicky has a problematic relationship with her parents. All of the following negative effects are likely to occur for Vicky, except:

A. development of an antisocial disposition
B. active school involvement
C. school failure
D. rejection by classmates

B. active school involvement

The chief determinant of popularity in high school is:

A. physical attractiveness
B. academic achievement
C. being good at sports
D. social competence

D. social competence

One study of more than 160,000 adolescents from 35 countries found that:

A. the prevalence of bullying is higher in schools characterized by greater income inequality
B. adolescents who come from less affluent families are less likely to be bullied
C. the prevalence of bullying is higher in countries characterized by less income equality
D. adolescents who come from more affluent families are more likely to be bullied

A. the prevalence of bullying is higher in schools characterized by greater income inequality

Which of the following is a common finding in recent cyberbullying studies?

A. adolescents who engage in traditional bullying often engage in cyberbullying
B. victims of physical or verbal harassment are usually very different than victims of cyberbullying
C. as internet use has increased, cyberbullying has become statistically more common than physical and verbal harassment among the adolescent population
D. more than adolescents have engaged in some form of cyberbullying

A. adolescents who engage in traditional bullying often engage in cyberbullying

Secondary education refers to:

A. second grade
B. middle school, junior high school, high school
C. college
D. graduate school

B. middle school, junior high school, high school

As discussed in the textbook, during the 1950s, how did the United States respond when politicians felt the United States had lost is scientific edge to the former Soviet Union?

A. increased attention was paid to religious and moral education
B. requirements for classes in european history were intensified
C. students were obligated to take more foreign language courses
D. increased emphasis was placed on math and science education

D. increased emphasis was placed on math and science education

What is a policy that focuses on policies designed to improve achievement by holding schools and students to a predetermined set of standards measured by achievement tests?

A. tracking
B. standards-based reform
C. zero tolerance
D. school vouchers

B. standards-based reform

The process of separating students into different levels of classes within the same school is called:

A. mainstreaming
B. desegregation
C. acceleration
D. tracking

D. tracking

According to a survey conducted in the early 2000s, how do adolescents spend most of their leisure time?

A. in passive activities
B. on the computer
C. in physical activities
D. in intellectual activities

A. in passive activities

Expanding opportunities for adolescents to get involved in athletics, drama group, or another extracurricular activity would be associated with all but which of the following outcomes?

A. enhancing their feelings in self-confidence and self-esteem
B. higher school achievement
C. increasing their contact with adult role models
D. increasing the likelihood that they drop out of school

D. increasing the likelihood that they drop out of school

What makes adolescents attractive targets for a variety of businesses?

A. the size of the adolescent population
B. the prevalence of student employment
C. the fact that adolescents save less than any other age group
D. all of these are correct

D. all of these are correct

Having more income than one can imagine during early adolescence has been called:

A. precocious income
B. displacement abundance
C. occupational disparity
D. premature affluence

D. premature affluence

Which of the following statements about adolescents' social communication on the Internet is most supported by scientific research?

A. adolescent's online friendships are likely to displace in-person friendships
B. most adolescents use the internet to communicate with people that they have never met or that they do not see in person
C. many adolescents have both positive and negative expertness while socializing on the internet
D. the majority of adolescents have not seen someone post something mean about someone else on the internet

C. many adolescents have both positive and negative expertness while socializing on the internet

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