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You must have plans in place to respond effectively to health and safety incidents and other emergencies that might occur at an event. This emergency plan should to be in proportion to the level of risk presented by event activities and the potential extent and severity of the incident. Consider the key risksUsing the resources available to you onsite, develop emergency procedures to be followed by staff and volunteers in a significant incident/emergency, eg sudden bad weather, a fire or structural failure. Include contingencies to deal with incidents and situations as varied as an entertainment act cancelling at short notice, severe weather, or the unavailability of key staff in your team. You will also need to consider your response to more serious emergencies, including major incidents that will require help from the emergency services and implementation of their regional emergency plans (which may not be specific to the event). Counter-terrorismThe National Counter-terrorism Security Office have produced specific advice to help mitigate the threat of a terrorist attack in crowded places. The key message for the public is 'Run, Hide, Tell':
Sharing your plansFor all but the smallest events with low risks (or those in fixed venues with established procedures), draw up and discuss your plans with:
The detail and complexity of any discussions should be proportionate to the risks involved. You, as the organiser, and emergency services should be clear about who will do what if there is an emergency or major incident. Develop an emergency planMost event emergency plans should address the same basic requirements, to:
Emergency proceduresProcedures for staff and volunteers to follow in an emergency should include:
First aid, medical assistance and ambulancesAs well as workers, HSE strongly recommends that you include the visiting public in your first-aid, medical and ambulance needs assessment. Make sure you will have enough medical assistance and ambulances onsite and liaise with your local NHS and ambulance service so they can balance your needs against their local capacity. Except for small, low-risk events where ambulances may not be required, and at events where they are not onsite, plans should be drawn up in conjunction with the local NHS ambulance service to clarify how patients will be taken to hospital. The Events Industry Forum's 'purple guide' includes example first-aid and medical assessments for an audience at an event. Have clear emergency roles and responsibilitiesYou should appoint people to implement your procedures if there is an incident or emergency. Make sure that all relevant staff members, whatever their normal role, understand what they should do in an emergency, for example:
EvacuationEmergencies can develop very rapidly. Make sure you are equipped to move the audience to a total or relative place of safety without delay. The following actions will help. Escape routes and exits
Signs and lighting to help evacuations
Places of safetyPlan how you will evacuate people to a place of relative safety from where they can make their way to a place of total safety Vulnerable people
Communicating with the publicPlan for how you will communicate official event messages to the public in conjunction with the emergency services, eg via social media For further guidance on escape routes and strategies see the Guide to safety at sports grounds and Fire safety risk assessment guides. Show stopEffective response to an emergency can sometimes mean a rapid and controlled halt to a performance to prevent further risk to the audience or to initiate an evacuation. This sort of 'show stop' involves:
After the incidentOnce the risk has been reduced to a tolerable level, you can consider restarting the performance/event. Only restart the performance after consultation with other key agencies on site, eg emergency services. Make sure staff are back in position and services are ready. Transfer of authority for an emergency/major incidentIf the emergency services declare an emergency/major incident onsite, all the event personnel and resources will work under the command of the police. However, the police may declare one part of the event as under their authority to respond to the emergency/major incident, but leave other parts of the event under your control as the event organiser. Testing and validationIn many cases, validation of your emergency plan may take the form of a table-top exercise, where you and others work through a range of scenarios and establish the effectiveness of your responses. Test the communication systems, eg radios and public announcement equipment, before the event. Find out more
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