Nurse Aide Infection Control Show
System requirementsBefore beginning this course, ensure that your computer meets the following system requirements:
At the end of this course, you will need to verify that you've fulfilled the course requirements and obtain a learning certificate. Before we begin...To navigate through the course, please continue to use the arrow keys in the upper left corner of each page or utilize the prompts on the bottom left of each page. Previous Page - Go to the previous page Next Page - Go to the next page To access a specific page, click on the desired page number at the top of the screen. Throughout the training, you will have the opportunity to click on highlighted words to view the definition, or to click on hyperlinks to view external sources. Order of ModulesThis course is designed to increase your infection control knowledge in long-term care environments. Information from this CBT can be directly applied to your daily activities as a nurse aide. This course has five modules. You must save or print the certificate at the end of each module. Keep these certificates as proof of completion.
There is no way to create a lost certificate of completion without taking or retaking the course. If you do not keep a copy for your records, you will need to repeat this course. Let's get started!Lesson Objectives
Chain of Infection Overview
Chain of Infection: PathogenPathogens are microorganisms that cause disease. Without pathogens, we would not have transmissible, infectious disease. Examples of pathogens include:
How well a pathogen infects its host has to do with its:
Chain of Infection: ReservoirA reservoir serves as a place in the environment where a pathogen lives, replicates and thrives. Areas where a pathogen may live include:
Chain of Infection: Human Reservoirs
Chain of Infection: Animal & Insect ReservoirsAny infectious disease that is naturally transmitted from animal to human is considered a zoonotic disease. Examples of disease spreading from animals or insects to humans include:
Chain of Infection: Environmental ReservoirsEnvironmental reservoirs harbor many infectious diseases. Some examples include:
Chain of Infection: Portal of Exit
Mode of Transmission: Direct Contact
Mode of Transmission: DropletDroplet transmission requires a pathogen to be transferred through the air from its reservoir in a droplet of body secretions. These droplets are relatively large and usually will fall from suspension after 3-6 feet of travel. The droplets will rapidly fall on nearby surfaces (tables, door knobs, telephones, elevator buttons, etc.), and may remain viable. The survivability of the pathogen depends on its type. Some pathogens will live for a few minutes to hours, while others may survive for a few days, outside of a host.
Mode of Transmission: Blood-BorneSome pathogens are transmitted directly through blood. These pathogens require that infected blood from the reservoir be directly exposed to the blood of the susceptible host. This can be accomplished by blood from a needlestick and blood entering mucous membranes or other open wounds. Examples of blood-borne pathogens include:
Mode of Transmission: AirborneAirborne transmission occurs when pathogens smaller than five microns in size remain suspended in the air long after the infected person has left the area. A host then enters the space where the pathogen is suspended and has the potential to become infected. An example of an airborne illness is measles. Measles can remain suspended in the air for up to 18 hours after the infected individual coughs, sneezes, or talks. Tuberculosis can remain suspended for up to six hours. Mode of Transmission: Vector
Chain of Infection: Portal of EntryOpposite the Portal of Exit is the Portal of Entry. This is any route that a pathogen uses to enter the body (host). Examples include:
Chain of Infection: Susceptible HostThe last link in the chain of infection is the susceptible host. This is the organism (e.g., You or your resident!) that will feel the effects of the infectious disease that has traveled through the chain of infection.
Breaking the ChainTo break the chain of infection, and stop infectious disease spread, interventions can be directed at:
Targeting one or more of these areas can help to slow or stop the spread of infectious disease. Breaking the Chain: Controlling the Source of Transmission
Breaking the Chain: Protect Portals of EntryOther interventions protect portals of entry. There are many ways that targeting the portal of entry can help to prevent the spread of communicable disease.
Breaking the Chain: Increasing the Host's DefenseIncreasing the host's defense allows for the body's immune system to fend off attacking pathogens before the person ever knows they have been exposed. Vaccination programs help the body to create antibodies to targeted pathogens before exposure. Prophylactic drug use for high-risk patients can help to mitigate the spread of disease by preventing a pathogen from gaining ground over the immune system.
Objectives ReviewSo far in module 2, we have:
The following slides will include a short concept check to help you demonstrate your understanding of the content provided. CONGRATULATIONS!You have successfully completed Module 2: Chain of Infection FINAL STEPSPlease review your score. Save or print your certificate for your records. Remember, there is no way to create a lost certificate of completion without retaking the course. If you do not keep a copy for your records, you will need to repeat this course. THANK YOU!Next up: Module 3: PPE |