Site recommended to collect capillary blood gases on a newborn Lateral posterior area of the heel The specimen of choice for testing the pH, pO2, and pCO2 of the blood EMLA, sometimes used for pediatric venipuncture procedures, is a: Topical anesthetic applies to the child’s arm before venipuncture The best location for performing venipuncture on a hospitalized 7 year old is The optimal depth of a fingerstick in a child is: Physical frailties that may affect elderly individuals include Specimen collection in a patients home may involve unusual positioning of the patient. What is the preferred position or location from which to collect a blood specimen from a home bound patient In a comfortable, reclining position Transportation requirements for specimens collected from home bound patients include An acceptable alternative to hand washing prior to phlebotomy procedures Foam or cream disinfectants A debilitating disease causing tremors, particularly in elderly individuals An emotional factor associated with the aging process A complication that can result from multiple deep heel sticks on an infant A commonly inherited disease that is detectable through a newborn screening process in neonates The angle of needle for scalp vein venipuncture of an infant should be: After the blood collected from a heel stick is placed on the neonatal screening card, the card must dry in a horizontal position for a minimum of: When a skin puncture is performed on an infant, which of the following specimens is collected first Needed for blood collection by skin puncture on an infant Puncture-resistant sharps container Blood spot testing for neonatal screening disorders should be performed before the newborn is: An acceptable intervention to alleviate pain during venipuncture on a 5 year old child Preferred site for a heel stick Medial or lateral section of the heel Disorders that can be detected through neonatal screening Equipment necessary for newborn screening blood collection Gauge sizes that should be used for the infant scalp venipuncture What is true of congenital hypothyroidism Screen for through the neonatal screening blood collection procedure Cystic fibrosis is detected by the capillary blood gas test. A minute metal filing and magnet are necessary for the capillary blood has procedure. EMLA is a topical anesthetic used after venipuncture in children Sucrose is effective in reducing pain and crying time during a blood collection procedure for an infant. The EMLA application provides anesthesia for 45 minutes to 3 hours A 10mL blood sample collected from a newborn is equivalent to 5 to 10 percent of the infants total blood volume An incision for a heel stick on an infant should not go deeper than 3.0mm A physical problem common in elderly individuals is loss of feeling The central area of the infants heel is the best site for a heel stick blood collection For children older than _____ year, a finger stick is appropriate for blood collection. If an incision for a heel stick goes deeper than ______ mm in a newborn, it can lead to osteomyelitis _________ blood is the specimen of choice for blood gas testing A common interference in newborn screening collections occurs when blood specimens are not dried for ______ hours before mailing Children with spina bifida are particularly sensitive to ______ Use of a ______ over a skin puncture site is not recommended for children less than 2 years old In the hospital, it is best to perform a blood collection procedure on a child in a ______ room The horizontal position to immobilize a child is also referred to as the ______ position Eutectic mixture of local anesthetic is also called ______ For the newborn screening blood collection procedure, only ______ side of the filter paper should be used Newborn Screening Information for Providers: Blood Spot CollectionOn this page: PersonnelBlood spot collection can be performed by trained personnel such as hospital nursery staff, laboratory staff, or out-of-hospital birth providers. TimingTiming of blood spot collection is important for accurately interpreting test results. Tests for some of the disorders on the newborn screening panel have different cutoff values based on the infant’s age (in hours) at the time of blood spot collection. As a result, blood spots drawn too early or too late may increase the chance of false positive or false negative results. Blood spots are best collected between 24 and 48 hours of age. Blood spots collected before 24 hours of age cannot be fully interpreted, which means some test results will be marked “unsatisfactory” on the newborn screening report. An unsatisfactory result will require another blood spot collection. Blood spots collected after 48 hours may not allow enough time for results to be interpreted before serious symptoms occur in newborns affected by certain disorders on the newborn screening panel. However, special circumstances may arise that require blood spot collection at earlier or later times. Infant should be at least 24 hours old in elapsed time, not just in "clock" time. This distinction is important on the days surrounding the switch to Daylights Saving Time. Accurate collection and recording of time is especially important with blood draws done right at 24 hours in order to avoid collecting blood before 24 hours of age. If you are collecting before 24 hours of age, please reference our Newborn Screening <24 Hour Discharge Guideline. It provides guidance about how to complete newborn screening for infants discharged to home before 24 hours of age. Blood Spot CollectionThe Minnesota Newborn Screening Program uses blood collection standards developed specifically for newborn screening programs by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The primary goal of these standards is to ensure the quality of blood spots collected from newborns. Poor quality specimens interfere with the screening process, potentially delaying the detection and treatment of an affected infant. If our staff receive a specimen of poor quality, we will request a repeat specimen from the birth provider. Proper specimen collection technique as outlined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute include the following steps:
Delivery Address: For clinics, out-of-hospital birth providers, and parents who submit specimens infrequently, specimens can be brought to the delivery address above or mailed to the address below. Since high heat and humidity can affect some of the tests, leaving specimens in hot mailboxes or other warm locations should be avoided. Mailing Address: Multiple newborn screening specimens may be sent together; however, a shipment should never be delayed or “batched” to wait for additional specimens. Additionally, newborn screening specimens should never be placed in the same container as other specimen types traveling to the Public Health Laboratory. Newborns Requiring TransferWithin Minnesota, birth hospitals are legally responsible for arranging to have newborn screening administered to every infant in its care. This can be accomplished by screening the newborn in the birth facility or by having a protocol in place with a receiving hospital to screen the infant. The birth hospital should screen an infant before transport in the following situations:
How to Collect Blood Spot Specimens from Newborns VideoThe following video was produced by PerkinElmer Genetics with input from the Minnesota Newborn Screening Program. This less than 5 minute video covers how to properly collect blood spot specimens for newborn screening.
How to Collect Blood Spot Specimens from Newborns Video Text Putting Babies First VideoThe following video answers many frequently asked questions about blood spot collection, including the optimal timing of collection, drying of blood spots, and methods of collection. The video was produced in partnership by the Iowa State Hygienic Laboratory and Baby's First Test Note: This video is based on Iowa’s newborn screening protocol. Although the video states that a repeat newborn screen should be collected eight weeks after an infant’s last transfusion, we recommend that a repeat specimen be collected 90 days after the last transfusion. Please feel free to contact us with any questions.
Putting Babies First Video Text When collecting blood by skin puncture on an infant you should use a?Use a sterile lancet or heel incision device to make an incision 1 mm deep and 2.5 mm long. When collecting from small, premature infants, it is safer to make a more shallow incision. Wipe away the first drop of blood with a sterile gauze pad.
Which blood collection site for skin puncture is recommended to newborns?In neonates, the recommended site for sampling is on the plantar surface laterally beyond an imaginary line drawn posteriorly from between the 4th and 5th toes to the heel and medially from the middle of the great toe to the heel (FIGURE 1).
Where is the skin puncture done on the infant?The heel of the foot is the preferred site for dermal puncture and capillary blood collection for infants less than 12 months old. CAUTION: In premature infants, the bone may be as close as 2.0 mm under the skin of the plantar surface of the heel.
What is the preferred method of blood collection in newborns and infants?Venepuncture. Venepuncture is the preferred method of blood sampling for term neonates, and causes less pain than heel-pricks (64).
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