When temperatures rise in Austin, you need to know how to prevent and respond to heat related illnesses. Being exposed to high temperatures for long periods of time or engaging in vigorous activities in high temperatures can lead to heat exhaustion or heat stroke, especially if you are dehydrated or are taking certain medications such as antihistamines, blood pressure medication, or antidepressants. Usually sweat evaporates from the skin to help cool the body. It is harder for sweat to evaporate if:
Heat ExhaustionHeat exhaustion is a less serious condition than heat stroke. Symptoms can include:
To respond to heat exhaustion:
Heat StrokeHeat stroke is an emergency situation in which the body loses its ability to cool itself. The internal body temperature rises to extremes, sometimes as high as 106 degrees F. Heat stroke can result in death if not treated promptly. Symptoms include:
If body temperatures aren't reduced, symptoms can progress to:
To respond to heat stroke, CALL 911 or go to the closest emergency room. While waiting for EMS:
Preventing Heat Exhaustion and Heat StrokeStay hydrated by drinking lots of non-alcoholic, non-caffeinated beverages, even if you're not thirsty. Water is good, but sports drinks are better if you are engaging in vigorous activity in high temperatures. For more information on hydration, click here.
Cardiac dysrhythmias associated with altered myocardial automaticity, conductivity or contractility can effect cardiac output. Reduced cardiac output increases the risk of ineffective tissue perfusion. Assess for signs of ineffective tissue perfusion by system:
Nursing Intervention for Ineffective Tissue Perfusion
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